Leaf Structure and Function Flashcards
Blade
broad, flat portion of the leaf
petiole
stalk that attached the blade to the stem
Stipules
small, leaflike outgrowths from the base
List the 3 types of leaf venation
Parallel
Palmately Netted- several main veins radiating from one point
Pinnately Netted- veins branching along entire length of midvein
Subsidary Cells
provide reseriover of water and ions
Ions move into and out of guard cells as they change shape during ______ opening and closing.
stomatal
What is mesophyll?
photosynthetic parenchyma cells
Pallisade Mesophyll
functions primary for photosynthesis
Sponge Mesophyll
functions primary for gas exchange
Bundle sheath
surronds xylem and phloem
What type of venation does monocot leaves have?
parallel
What type of venation does dicots have?
netted
In some monocots mesophyll does not have what?
layers
In some monocots guard cells are shaped like what?
dumbbells
Dicots have guard cells shaped like what?
beans
Stomata open during the ____
day
Stomata close during the night to conserve ____ when photosynthesis is not occuring.
water
Leave epidermises are ______.
transparent
Guttation
release of liquid water from some leaves through special structures
When does guttation occur?
when transpiration is low and soil moisture high
Transpiration
loss of water vapor primarily through stomata
What is the seasonal removal of decidous leaves known as?
leaf abcisssion
Abcission zone
where petiole detaches fromstem
During leaf abscission chlorophyll breaks down and ___and___ become evident.
carotenoids
anthocyanians
Spines
leaves adapted to deter herbivors (cactus)
Tendrils
leaves modified for grasping and holding other structures
Bud scales
leaves modified to protect delicate meristematic tissue or dormant buds
Bulbs
short, underground stems with fleshy leaves that are specialized for storage
Succulent leaves
for water storage in plants living in arid conditions
