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PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT > SEED GERMINATION > Flashcards

SEED GERMINATION Flashcards

1
Q

ripened ovule containing embryo

A

seed

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2
Q

seed characteristics

A

seed size
seed color
seed surface

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3
Q

types of seed based on the number of cotyledons

A

monocot
dicot

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4
Q

based on the presence of endosperm

A

albuminous
exalbuminous

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5
Q

these are the seeds with endosperm.

A

albuminous seeds

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6
Q

seeds without endosperm

A

exalbuminous seeds

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7
Q

in cereals such as maize, the seed coat is membranous and generally fused with the fruit wall known as

A

hull

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8
Q

stores food

A

endosperm

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9
Q

protective undifferentiated sheath of the radicle

A

coleorhiza

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10
Q

growing tip of the shoot

A

plumule

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11
Q

covers the plumule in monocots

A

coleoptile

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12
Q

outer thick protectice layer

A

testa

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13
Q

inner, thin membranous covering that protects the inner part of the seed

A

tegman

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14
Q

a scar on the seed coat

A

hilum

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15
Q

small pore present above the hilum

A

micropyle

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16
Q

ridge-like structure present around the median groove

A

raphe

17
Q

the outer covering of the endosperm

A

aleurone layer

18
Q

how seeds form

A

pollination
pollen tube
fertilization

19
Q

growth of embryo/endosperm stops
seed reaches a dormant stage by gradual loss of moisture
indicated mostly by ripening or drying of fruits

A

maturation of seed

20
Q

a mechanism that helps in the transport of seeds to other places to ensure germination and survival

A

seed dispersal

21
Q

agents of seed dispersal

A

wind
expulsion
animals
water

22
Q

seed dispersal by wind

A

anemochory

23
Q

seed dispersal by water

A

hydrochory

24
Q

seed dispersal by animals

A

zoochory

25
Q

seed dispersal by explosions

A

autochory

26
Q

rich in carbohydrates

A

cereals

27
Q

lipids and fats

A

oilseed

27
Q

rich in protein

A

pulses

28
Q

aromatic acid/alkaloids

A

spices

29
Q

secondary metabolites

A

beverage and medicine

30
Q

fibre from seeds

A

fibre

31
Q

can survive extreme freezing or drying conditions during ex-situ conservation

A

orthodox seeds

32
Q

cannot thrive in freezing or drying conditions for a long duration

A

recalcitrant seeds

33
Q

cotyledons emerge above the soil by elongation of hypocotyls

A

epigeal

34
Q

don’t emerge above the soil surface

A

hypogeal

35
Q

growth of seed into a young plant

A

germination of a seed

36
Q

seeds remain alive but inactive for a long period of time

A

dormant

37
Q

seedling growth

A

by cell division
enlargement
differentiation of growing point

38
Q

significance of seeds

A

perennation
dispersal
delayed germination
food

PLANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT (7 decks)

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