SEED GERMINATION Flashcards
thread of life, assures survival of plant species, key to modern agriculture, essential for crop crop production
seed germination
first stage in the life cycle of plants
seed
protected inside the testa, baby plant
embryo
food which fuels seed growth is packed
cotyledon
first rudimentary root that has the embryo
radicular/radicle
bud that is the opposite side to the radicle
plumule
first or first two leaves of the embryo of a flowering plant
cotyledon
becomes the stem, space between radicle and epicotyl
hypocotyl
will become the shoot
epicotyl
phases of seed germination
activation of embryo
elongation
emergence of radicle
Seed germination is a mechanism, in which morphological and physiological alterations result in the activation of the embryo
activation of embryo
Before germination, seed absorbs water, resulting in the expansion and elongation of seed embryo
elongation
When the radicle has grown out of the covering seed layers, the process of seed germination is completed
emergence of radicle
seedling growth after radicle emergence
seedling establishment
rapid mobilization of stored food reserves
post germination process
requirements for germination
gases
temperature
water
characteristic of bean and pine seeds, more primitive than hypogeal
cotyledons are raised above ground
epigeal germination
cotyledons remain beneath the soil
characteristic of pea plants
hypogeal germination
defined as a factor that elicits germination such as light, temperature, and moisture
trigger agents
factors that must be present in seed germination
germination agent
patterns of seed germination
phase I: imbibition
phase II: lag phase
phase III: mobilization of reserve food
imbibition is dependent on three factors
composition of the seed
seed coat permeability
water availability
important stored resources
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids
