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Biology Exam 4 Material > Seed Development and Structure > Flashcards

Seed Development and Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

What part of a female plant creates seeds?

A

Ovule

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2
Q

What part of the female plant creates fruit?

A

Ovary

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3
Q

What are cotyledon?

A

Specialized proembryo cells

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4
Q

What is a proembryo?

A

Embryo beginning mitosis

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5
Q

What is a suspensor?

A

A ligament that anchors the embryo

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6
Q

What is a eudicot?

A

Has 2 cotyledon

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7
Q

What is a monocot?

A

Has 1 cotyledon

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8
Q

The endosperm will eventually transform into what?

A

Cotyledon

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9
Q

Which can perform photosynthesis? Endosperm or Cotyledon?

A

Cotyledon

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10
Q

The developing _______ gets its nutrients from the endosperm.

A

Embryo

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11
Q

The young _______ gets its nutrients from the cotyledons.

A

Seedling

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12
Q

What is the seed coat?

A

Outer layer of the seed

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13
Q

What is the radicle?

A

Growth out of cotyledon that will become the root

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14
Q

What is the epicotyl?

A

Embryo above where cotyledons attach

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15
Q

What is the hypocotyl?

A

Below where the cotyledons attach

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16
Q

What is the scutellum?

A

Another name for a cotyledon in a monocot

17
Q

What is a coleoptile? What is the coleorhiza?

A

Coleoptile- upper cotyledon

Coleorhiza- lower cotyledon

18
Q

What erupts first from a new seedling?

A

Radicle

19
Q

What percentage of water makes up a dormant seed?

A

5-15%

20
Q

What is the role of gibberellic acid?

A

Break seed out of dormancy

21
Q

What is the role of abscisic acid?

A

Promote seed dormancy

22
Q

What is the role of the seed coat when dormant? 2

A
  1. Prevents the seed from drying out

2. Protects the seedling inside

23
Q

What is imbibition?

A

Uptake of water

24
Q

What triggers a seed to start growing?

A

Enzymes in the endosperm turn on metabolism

25
Q

What does a plant need to grow? 4

A
  1. Sunlight
  2. CO2
  3. Water
  4. Minerals
26
Q

What are some environmental cues that can make a seed germinate? 4

A
  1. Natural fires
  2. Temperature
  3. Light
  4. Chemicals
27
Q

What is stratification?

A

Cold stress cause seeds to come out of dormancy

28
Q

What is scarification?

A

Roughing up seed coats

29
Q

What are foliage leaves?

A

True leaves

30
Q

What are cotyledon leaves?

A

Seed leaves from embryo

31
Q

What is the coleoptile?

A

Upper cotyledon that serves as a protective sleeve

Biology Exam 4 Material (12 decks)

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