Sedation - Applied Basic Science (CVS & Breathing)

Question 1

what are the 3 main components of the conducting system of the heart?

Answer 1

1 - sinoatrial node
2. atrioventricular node
3. purkinje system (Bundle of his + R&L buncle branches)

Question 2

what is meant by systole?

Answer 2

phase of cardiac cycle when heart CONTRACTS ejecting blood out of the heart

Question 3

what is meant by diastole?

Answer 3

phase of cardiac cycle when heart RELAXES and chambers fill with blood

Question 4

What is the name of the site at the inner elbow that can be used to cannulate?

Answer 4

Cubital fossa

Question 5

why is the dorsum of the hand good to cannulate?

Answer 5

easy access
no nearby arteries or nerves
no joints to damage

Question 6

why is the dorsum of the hand a bad place to cannulate?

Answer 6

small veins
susceptible to cold/anxiety (veins can hide)
veins are mobile
more painful

Question 7

why is the cubital fossa a good place to cannulate?

Answer 7

big, well tethered veins
less painful
less constriction of veins

Question 8

why is the cubital fossa a bad place to cannulate?

Answer 8

harder to access desired vein
potential nerve damage
potential intra arterial injection
joint immobilisation

Question 9

what are the veins found in the cubital fossa?

Answer 9

cephalic vein
basilic vein
median cubital vein

Question 10

where do you cannulate in the cubital fossa?

Answer 10

lateral to biceps tendon

Question 11

what is cyanosis?

Answer 11

blue-ish colour of skin, mucous membranes, lips, nail beds as a result of shortage of oxygen