Intravenous Sedation: Sedation Technique Flashcards
what are the main areas to consider when looking for an IDEAL IV SEDATION AGENT?
- anxiolysis (loosening anxiety)
- sedation
- non-irritant
- quick onset
- no side effects
- cheap
- quick recovery
- ease of administration
what are benzodiazepines?
A type of sedative medication
How do benzodiazepines work?
Acts on receptors in CNS to ENHANCE binding effect of inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA
What are the effects of RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION?
- CNS depression & muscle relaxation
- decreases cerebral response to increase CO2
- synergistic relationship with other CNS depressants
- INCREASED respiratory depression in already compromised patients
What are the CARDIOVASCULAR effects of sedation?
- DECREASED bp by muscle relaxation decreasing vascular resistance
- INCREASED HR due baroreceptor reflex compensating for BP fall
what other drugs do benzodiazepines have side effects with?
- Any other CNS depressants
- Erythromycin (antibiotic)
- Antihistamines
why is it important that the sedationist is NEVER alone with the pt receiving sedation?
side effect = INCREASED sexual fantasies
higher the dose = higher the chance
what was the first used sedation agent?
diazepam
what is the present gold standard sedation agent called?
Midazolam
why is midazolam used over diazepam?
- More rapid onset
- SHORTER elimination half-life
- metabolised in liver
[painless, quicker onset, recovery, more reliable]
why do we prefer to cannulate the dorsum of the hand?
- accessible
- superficial veins & visible
- less chance of hitting an artery compared to the elbow)
what is flumazenil used for in IV sedation?
Used to reverse the effects of midazolam/sedative agent if pt is in state of respiratory depression and constantly worsening
