Secularism

Question 1

What is the 12 step programme?

Answer 1

Encourages people to accept their reality and put faith in a higher power in order to heal.

Question 2

How does the 12 step programme reject Freud’s ideas?

Answer 2

It shows how religious belief cannot just be a illusion as this discredits the work it has done in helping addicts.

Question 3

What are the positive aspects of religion that Freud recognises?

Answer 3

He claims that religion acts as an effective means for overcoming human fears of death and suffering.

Question 4

What are Freud’s views on obsessional behaviour controlling sexual behaviour?

Answer 4

He believes that repetition - such as in religious ceremonies and rituals - keeps the ego from being controlled by sexual and irrational urges.

In other words, religion replaces these repressed desires with promises of rewards.

Question 5

What is Freud’s conclusion on religion?

Answer 5

Although it can do some good, it should overall be abolished so society can be free and happy.

Question 6

How did Marx view religion?

Answer 6

‘opium of the people’ - it negatively controls society.

Question 7

How are Marx and Freud similar?

Answer 7

They both believe that religion is negative and wrongfully controls people - like an illusion.

Question 8

What quote from Freud shows his rejection of religious scripture?

Answer 8

‘they are full of contradictions, religions and falsifications’

Question 9

What does Professor Francis believe about religious schools?

Answer 9

Young people who are committed to Christianity are more likely to be open to people of other faiths rather than less open.
It is not the school that impacts attitudes but the students themselves.

Question 10

What does Charles Taylor suggest about religious schools?

Answer 10

There should be a recognition that societies are increasingly multicultural, no culture should impose itself on others as this causes minority cultures to diminish.

Question 11

What does Christopher Dawson believe about religious schools?

Answer 11

Argues that secular education is problematic as religion becomes endangered.

Question 12

What does Professor James Conroy believe about religious schools?

Answer 12

Argues that religious schools have an important role in a liberal, democratic state - they provide parent with a choice and prove counterbalance.

Question 13

Religious schools DO cause more issues than they solve

Answer 13

Some religious schools mix religion into their curriculum whereby outdated views negatively influence children.

Conflict can be caused when teachings do not align with your personal views.

Question 14

Religious schools DONT cause more issues than they solve

Answer 14

They have an important role with providing parents/children with an element of choice.

Religion can teach general good morals without being corruptive eg. ‘Love thy neighbor’

Question 15

What is a quote for Freud’s view on religion?

Answer 15

‘Religions are illusions. Fulfillments of the oldest and strongest wishes of mankind’

Question 16

What are two explanations of secularism?

Answer 16

The privatization of religion - religion has become more of an expression of individual preference. A secular view separates public and private life.

Increase in alternative spiritualties - Identified by Hellas and Woodhead, the traditional bond between Christianity and British culture is dissolving, spirituality is flourishing.

Question 17

What does Jose Casanova say about the privatization of religion?

Answer 17

‘religion should be private and should not be seen in public’

Question 18

How does Beetherton’s description of his bus ride show religion is still largely prevalent?

Answer 18

He described his bus journey and how it shows the ‘reality of multi-cultural, multi-faith London in bloom’. Proof that cultures of all kinds are still thriving.

Question 19

What point does Berger use to suggest that the UK is NOT becoming less religious?

Answer 19

He claims that modernization does not just equate to secularism but it has also ‘provoked powerful movements of counter-secularism’ which challenges the idea that secularism comes with modernization.

Question 20

What point does Ford use to suggest that the UK is NOT becoming less religious?

Answer 20

He suggests that people globally are linking themselves to religion more than ever, even if the general population in Britain is declining.
He also claims that we should not predict what will happen in the future.

Question 21

How does Ward argue that Freud is wrong?

Answer 21

Freud was a reductionist meaning he wanted to explain everything in material and mechanical terms yet Ward claims that this is inadequate in comparison to the millions of religious experiences that people have.

Question 22

What was the Atheist Bus Campaign?

Answer 22

Messages spread about there being no God on buses.

‘There’s probably no God’

Question 23

Need finished