Section Banks and Full Lengths #2 Flashcards
Reactivity of a metal depends on its
ionizatin potential
myosin is anchored at the
m line
actin is anchored at the
z line
bacteria uses the ___ to establish the proton gradient of the ETC
plasma membrane
sympathetic nervous system actions
inhibits peristalsis and digestive enzyme secretion. Increases blood glucose
blood clot in capillary
will block bloodflow, so hydrostatic pressure will build. Causes increase in fluid flow into the interstitial space
what are ribosomes made of?
rRna and proteins
lysosome
organelle in the cytoplams of eukaryotic cells containint degradive enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
bacterial cell wall is made of
peptidoglycans
ANS neuron types
sensory and motor neurons
difference between sensory and motor neurons in ANS
sensory brings impulses from organs to CNS (affarent)
motor carry impulses from CNS to organ (efferent)
bacteriophage
virus IN bacteria
can antibodies work to kill viruses?
yes sir
when are primary oocytes formed?
All are formed before birth.
ionization constant
shows the degree to which a substance will ionize in a solution. (Ka and Kb are ionization constants)
acid strength based on Kb
more than 1 is a strong acid, less than one is a weak acid
Phase diagrams- which phase is on the left, middle, and right?
Left- solid
middle-liquid
right-vapor
formula for torque
T= FRsin (theta)
formula for the magnitude of an electric field on a point charge Q
E=kq/r^2
What does “constant acceleration” mean?
velocity is changing by a constant rate. The object is increasing/decreasing at a constant rate per unit time. A constant force on a mass produces a constant acceleration
heat of fusion
amount of heat it takes to melt a substance (can also freeze to give same value) also called enthalpy of fusion
amount of frictional force over a given area
frictional forces dissapate an amount of energy in Joules given by the product of the force in N times the distance.
ebulliator
boiling chip. Makes it so the liquid doesn’t super heat.
Oxidation state of O in peroxides
can be just -1
two forces acting on the same object- in what ways can they combine?
cannot have a force bigger than their combination or smaller than their difference
Electron capture (K capture)
An electron in an atoms inner shell is drawn into the nucleus where it combines with a proton, forming a neutron and a neutrino. The neutrino is ejected from the nucleus. So, the atomic number decreases by one forming a new element.
Beta minus decay
neutron in the nucleus turns into a proton, electron, and antineutrino. Electron and antineutrino fly away. The atom now has one more proton than it started with
Beta plus decay
proton in the nucleus turns into a neutron, positron, and neutrino. The positron and neutrino fly away, and the nucleus has one less proton than it started with.
where is the link in DNA?
3’C of one to the 5’C of the other
How do macrphages work?
ingest foreign material, the material initially becomes trapped in a phagosome. The phagosome fuses witha lysosome to digest foreign objects.
Endosomes
mediate endocytosis, membrane bound
proteases
digest proteins into smaller fragments
In what order are amino acid sequences assembled? Nucleotide sequences?
N to C terminals
nucleotide built 5 to 3
lysosomes
membrane bound organelles that contain hydrolytic enzymes activated by low pH
kinetochore
protein complex associated with the centromere of a chromosome during cell division
source of microtubules
centrosomes
how to determine the # of stereoisomers
2^n
n= number of chiral centers
basic anions dissolve in
acidic solutions
cholesterol structure
fused 4 ring system
how to tell if a sugar is reducing
anomeric OH
sucrose isn’t reducing
How does ultrasound work?
place transducer on skin, hold it still. Use high frequency and low wavelength for less diffraction. Sound bounces off barriers and transducer measures time it takes for the waves to get back to it. Able to use that information to create an image to see irregular bumps, etc.
H can H bond with
NOF
Transmembrane proteins are
hydrophobic, non polar
southern blot
DNA. In order to work, must create or eliminate restriction sites along palyndromic sequences.
retrovirus
starts with vRNA, uses reverse transcriptase to generate a complementary strand of cDNA. Integrase incorporates it into host genome. Genome transcribed making mRNA. mRNA and vRNA have same sequence.
phospholipids are also called
phosphatides
extractions
just because a substance is polar doesn’t mean it will go to the aqueous phase. It could stay in the organic phase if it’s uncharged.
Electrolytic vs. Galvanic cells
RED CAT, AN OX for both of them. DIrections of both half reactions are reversed as well as the sign of the cell potential
Electrolytic cell function
electrical energy used to drive non-spontaneous redox reaction
galvanic cell function
spontaneous redox reaction converted to electrical energy
Ideal gas assumptions
gas is a large number of molecules in random motion
volume of molecules is small compared to the volume occupied by the gas
no forces act on molecules except during elastic collison
Piagets milestones in each stage
Sensorymotor- object permanence and early language development
Preoperational- start to talk and engage in symbolic play. Don’t understand conservation yet.
Concrete- Logical thought. Understand conservation. Understand that others have different opinions.
Formal- abstract, creative thinking. Hypothetical and deductive reasoning.
Freuds stages and ages
Oral (0-1) Anal (1-3) Phalic (3-6) Latent (6-puberty) Genital (Puberty-)
western blot
southern blot
northern blot
Proteins
DNA
RNA
prion proteins
misfolded proteins cause neurodegenerative disorders.
average weight of one amino acid
110 kDa.
