Section B - Nigeria Flashcards
what are some facts about Nigeria
It is a country in West Africa. bordered by Benin, Niger, Chad and Cameroon. directly south of the UK. on the coast of the Gulf of Guinea. Borders the Sahei in the north. dry and rainy seasons
what are some economic facts about Nigeria
by 2014, Nigeria was the worlds 21st largest economy. Nigeria had the highest average GDP growth for 2010-15. Nigeria supplies 2.7% of world’s total oil usage. Nigeria ranks 5th in contibutions to UN peacekeeping missions
what are some facts about political context of Nigeria
During the colonial period, Europeans exploited Africa’s resources and people. Nigeria was ruled by the UK as a colony. It became independent in 1960. Political instability affected Nigeria’s development and led to widespread corruption. Since 1999, it has a stable government. Several countries are now starting to invest in Nigeria (e.g. China, USA)
what are some facts about social context of Nigeria
Nigeria is a multi-ethnic, multi-faith county – this is a strength but has also been a source of conflict including a civil war between 1967 and 1970. Recently, economic inequality between the Islamic north and Christian south of Nigeria has created new religious and ethnic tensions. This has created an unstable situation with a negative impact on the economy
what is the Jos Plateau
Jos Plateua is an upland region which is wetter and cooler that surrounding savanna
what is the tropical grassland (savanna) used for
the tropical grasland is used for grazing cattle and growing crops
what is some environmental context of Nigeria
the north is semi desert (high temp, low rainfall). south has high temp and high rainfall. south’s climate allows healthy cocoa growth. south suffers fromm diseases. central highlands are wet
what are the 5 different political links in Nigeria
African Union, United Nations, OPEC, CEN-SAD, ECOWAS
what is African Union
an economic planning and peacekeeping group. Nigeria is in alliance with Niger, Chad, Benin and Cameroon to provide troops
what is United Nations
in 2014-15 a temporary member of the UN security council
what does OPEC aim to do
OPEC aims to stabilise the price of oil and ensure a regular supply
what is ECOWAS
a trading group made up of the countries of West Africa with headquaters in Abuja
in 1950-60s what was Nigeria reliant on, in terms of industrial sectors (hint: cocoa)
reliant on cash crop
in the 1960s what was Nigeria reliant on, in terms of industrial sectors
crude oil
in the 1990s what was Nigeria reliant on, in terms of industrial sectors
crude oil and agriculture
currently, what is Nigeria reliant on, in terms of industrial sectors
services. crude oil. agriculture. diversifying the types of crop grown
how has Nigeria grown its manufacturing industry
Nigeria has grown its manufacturing industry by making products from raw materials
what percentage, of Nigeria’s GDP, does manufacturing account for
manufacturing accounts for 10% of Nigeria’s GDP
what is trans national corporation
a large company that operates in several countries. it will usually have headquaters in one country and production in another
why might TNCs locate in other countries
tax incentives. cheaper labour. access to wider market. lax environmental laws
what are the advantages of TNCs on Nigeria
the transnational companies provide employment and the development of new skills. more money is spent in the economy. investment by companies in the local infrastructure and education
what are the disadvantages of TNCs on Nigeria
local workers can be poorly paid. working conditionals are sometimes very bad. much of the profit goes abroad
which company invests massive amounts of money into extracting oil
shell
what economic benefit has Shell brought to Nigeria
making major contributions in taxes and export revenue
what social benefit has Shell brought to Nigeria
providing direct employment for 65,000 Nigerian workers
what environmental benefit has Shell brought to Nigeria
supporting the growth of Nigeria’s energy sector
what is emergency aid
emergency aid is aid that usually follows a natural disatser e.g. war or conflict
what is development aid
long term support given by charities, governments and multilateral organisations
why does Nigerian recieve International Aid
because many people are poor and have limited access to services. life expectancy is low
what aid does Nigeria recieve
4% of aid given to African countries is given to Nigeria. In 2013, aid represented 0.5% of Nigeria’s GNI. Charities and NGOs have supported projecys in Nigeria
what is the impact of aid in Nigeria
aid has brought many benefits to people living in poverty. the most successful projects are community-based, supporting by small charities ans NGOs. Aid can be used for the project
how has Nigeria benefited
aid from the USA hekps to educate and protect people againsy the spread of AIDS/HIV. The USAID-funded Community Care in Nigeria project provides support packages for orphans and vulnerable children
what prevents aid being used effectively
corruption in the government is a major factor in loss of aid. donors may have political influence over what happens to aid. money may be used to promote the commercial self interest of the donor
how does industrial growth affect the environment
Nigeria has about 5000 registered industrial plants and 10,000 illegal small-scale industries. some industries dispose of chemical waste on nearby land. desertification is a major problem in Nigeria. agriculture, logging, urban expansion, roads and industrial development are a threat to Nigeria’s forests
how does urban growth affect the environment
In Nigeria, urban areas have grown rapidly. waste disposal have become a major issue. traffic congestion is a major problem in most Nigerian cities, leading to high lebels of exhaust emissions. extensive bush burning has damaged trees and species
how does commercial farming and deforestation affect the environment
commercial farming has lead to land degration. water pollution is due to chemicals, soil erosion and sitting of river channels. many species have disappeared due to deforestation, and nearly 500 types of plants
how does mining & oil extraction affect the environment
mining and extraction of raw materials and metals can lead to serious pollution, tin mining has lead to soil erosion. some economic developments have caused violent conflicts with local people
what are the benefits of economic development in Nigeria
higher disposal income. safer water and sanitation. reliable, consistent employement. improved infrastructure. better healthcare. improved electricity supply. better diets
in what year, was Nigeria one of the least developed countries due to wealth and access to education
2000
in what year, did the HDI start to rise in Nigeria
2005
in what year, was there a higher HDI increase in Nigeria, than any other country
2011
what services are there limited access to in Nigeria
safe water, sanitation and reliable electricity
what political imporvements need to be made
need to continue having fair and democratic electrions
what environmental improvements need to be made
oil pollution in the Niger Delta, the Ogeni people, teste fly, there is deforestation in the North
what social improvements need to be made
tribal divides, religious conflict (Islam in the north and Christians in the south), Boko Haram
