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Textiles > Section A: Material Categories and Properties > Flashcards

Section A: Material Categories and Properties Flashcards

1
Q

What is paper measured in and common weights

A

GSM
60-170gsm

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2
Q

What are the properties and uses of layout paper

A

med oppacity, smooth finish
60-90gsm
sketch and design work

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3
Q

What are the properties and uses of tracing paper

A

off white low opacity
60-90gsm
copying,overlay and tracing drawings

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4
Q

What are the properties and uses of cartridge paper

A

thick white, textured surface
120-150gsm
sketching,watercolours, ink drawings

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5
Q

What are the properties and uses of Bleed proof paper

A

thick coated, prevents ink/pen bleed
120-150gsm
high quality illustraions, colour richness and vibrancy

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6
Q

What are the properties and uses of grid paper

A

white, printed grid squares, isometric&others
80-100gsm
scale drawings, model making, scientific diagrams

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7
Q

What range does card weigh

A

200-350gsm

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8
Q

How is board measured

A

thickness in microns

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9
Q

What are the properties and uses of corrugated card

A

2 layers of lightweight card
contains fluted layer for strength
packaging for impact protection and insulation
fully degradable/recylable

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10
Q

What are the properties and uses of foil-lined card

A

card coated in foil on one side
retains heat, creates moisture barrier
takeaway containers

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11
Q

What are the properties and uses of Duplex

A

2 layers bonded together often with white external layer
metallic/holographic finish
packaging
food and drink with waxy coating

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12
Q

What are the properties and uses of foam core

A

inner foam core with paper face
rigid and stiff
model making and mounting artworks

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13
Q

What are the properties and uses of ink jet

A

treated card with smooth finish, bleed proof prinatble surface
printing photos, artworks

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14
Q

What are the properties and uses of solid white

A

high quality, white smooth finish on both sides
greetings cards, quality packaging and book covers

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15
Q

Name the 5 hardwoods

A

ash
beech
mahogany
balsa
oak

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16
Q

What form of tree is hardwood

A

desiduous-broad leafed hybernates in winter

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17
Q

What are the properties and uses of ash

A

flexible, tough, shock resistant laminates well
sports equip, tool handles

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18
Q

What are the properties and uses of beech

A

fine finish, tough, durable
childrens toys, models, furniture, veneers

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19
Q

What are the properties and uses of mahogany

A

easily worked, durable, finishes well
high end furniture, joinery, veneers

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20
Q

What are the properties and uses of oak

A

tough, hard, durable, high quality finish possible
flooring, furniture, railway sleepers, veneers

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21
Q

What are the properties and uses of balsa

A

very soft, spongy, good strength:weight
prototype, modelling

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22
Q

What form of tree is softwood

A

coniferous-bears needles and cones

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23
Q

What are the properties and uses of pine

A

lightweight, easy to work, split, resinous near knots
interior construction, furniture

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24
Q

What are the properties and uses of spruce

A

easy to work, hight stiffness:weight
construction, furniture, musical instuments

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25
Q

What are the properties and uses of larch

A

durable, tough, good water resistance, good surface finish
exterior cladding, decking,flooring,machined mouldings,furniture,veneers,railway sleepers

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26
Q

What are the properties and uses of plywood

A

very stable due to alternate layering at 90*, outside layers running same direction
furniture, shelving, toys,construction

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27
Q

What are manufactured boards

A

sheets of processed natural timber waste products/veneers combined with adhesives
made of waste wood, low-grade timber, recycled timber

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28
Q

What are the properties and uses of ferrous metals

A

most magnetic
vulnrable to rust with no finish

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29
Q

What are the properties and uses of chipboard

A

good compressive strength, good value, prone to chipping on edges/corners, unless finished not water resistant
flooring, low-end furniture, kitchen units, worktops

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30
Q

What are the properties and uses of MDF

A

rigid,stable,smooth,easy to finish, absorbent-not good in damp
flat pack furniture, toys, kitchen units, internal construction

31
Q

Wgat do ferrous metals contain

A

iron ferrite
high tensile strength and durability

32
Q

How is stainless stell protected from rusting

A

its got chromium in it

33
Q

What are the properties and uses of cast iron

A

hard,brittle, resists deformation&rust
kitchen pans, machine bases, manhole covers

34
Q

What are the properties and uses of low carbon/ mild steel

A

tough, ductile, rusts easily
car bodies, steel building frames, pipelines

35
Q

What are the properties and uses of high carbon steel

A

hard, bittle, hard wearing, resists abrasion, retains shape
tools, blades, scissors

36
Q

What are the properties and uses of non-ferrous

A

pure metals no iron
non-magnetic- used for electronices/wire
higher resistance to rust but corrode/oxidise
used externally for guttering pipes/road signs

37
Q

Name 3 ferrous metals

A

cast iron
low carbon/ mild steel
high carbon steel

38
Q

Name 4 non-ferrous metals

A

zinc
copper
tin
aluminium

39
Q

What are the properties and uses of aluminium

A

lightweight, ductile, resists corrosion
bike frames, drink cans, takeaway trays

40
Q

What are the properties and uses of zinc

A

brittle, malleable, high corrosion resistance
galvanise steel

41
Q

What are the properties and uses of copper

A

ductile, malleable, good electrical conductor
plumbing supplies, electrical cables

42
Q

What are the properties and uses of tin

A

malleable, ductile, high corrosion ressistance, good electrical conductor
solder, plating sufaces eg cans

43
Q

What are alloys

A

mixture of 1+ pure metal with another element to improve properties/aesthetics

44
Q

alloys

Explain high speed steel

A

can withstand high temps when machinging at hight speed
used in cutting tools like drill bits, mill cutters and dies

45
Q

alloys

Explain stainless steel

A

Hard, ductile, rust resistant, chromium layers protcts from corrosion
Cutlery, kitchen and medical equip

46
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe Polypropylene (PP)

A

Flexible,tough, lightweight,food safe
used in kitchen, medical products, rope

47
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe HDPE

A

Lightweight, rip/chemical resistant
used in milk bottles, pipes, crates,wheelie bins

48
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe HIPS

A

Felxible, impact resistant, lightweight, food safe
used in yoghurt pots vacuum formed products

49
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe PET

A

Blow moulded,chemically resistant and recyclable
used water bottles, containers and yarn

50
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe PMMA

A

tough, brittle when thin, easily scratched
used in car lights, alt. to glass, modern baths, clothing

51
Q

thermoforming polymers

Describe PVC

A

Flexible, easily extruded, tough and resistant to chemicals
used in raincoats,pipes and electrical tape

52
Q

thermosetting polymers

Describe PR

A

Good electrical insulator, hard, tough when mixed w glass-GRP
used in encapsulation, boat hulls as GRP

53
Q

thermosetting polymers

Describe Urea formaldehyde UF

A

High tensile strength, heat resistant, good elecric insulator, hard, brittle
used in adhesives, decorative kaminates and electrical casings

54
Q

thermosetting polymers

Describe Exposy resin

A

Good strength to weight ratio, good electrical insulator, heat resistant
used in bonding waterproff coating, electric circuit boards

55
Q

thermosetting polymers

Describe PF

A

Heat resistant, good electrical insulator
used in heat res. handles, electrical components, snooker balls

56
Q

thermosetting polymers

Describe MF

A

Lightweight,hard,brittle
used in worktops,surfaces, some kitchenware

57
Q

Describe thermosetting specialty

A

Plastics have rigid cross-linked polymer chains that cannot be reformed when heated

58
Q

Describe thermoforming

A

Plastics have more flexible and loose polymer chains that break apart when heated

59
Q

Describe natural fibres

A

made from animal or plant based fibres-renewable

60
Q

Describe cotton

A

Soft,strong absorbent, washes and takes dyes well
used as towels,bedsheets and clothing

61
Q

Describe slik

A

Soft, lightweight natural shine bec of triangular structure
used in lux. clothing, undies, ties, wall hangings, night clothes

62
Q

Describe wool

A

Warm,naturally crease res., shinkable
used in jumpers, coats,suits,blankets and carpets

63
Q

Describe synthetic fibres

A

made from chemically produced polymers

64
Q

Describe Nylon

A

Strong,heard wearing, crease res.
used in rope, webbing,parachutes,sportswear,umbrellas

65
Q

Describe lycra

A

Smooth, strong,elactic/stretchy, quick drying
used in sportwear, swim, surgical supports

66
Q

Describe polyester

A

tough, strong, hard wearing, non-absorbent
used in fleece, backpacks, threads, sportswear

67
Q

Describe blended/mixed fibres

A

combine 2+ types of fibres to produce useful property fabric

68
Q

Describe polycotton

A

durable, stronger than cotton, crease reduce
used in clothing and bed sheets

69
Q

Describe woven cloth

A

made of two sets of yarn, threaded 90deg. WARP fixed on the loom length. WEFT run on width

70
Q

Describe plain weave

A

strong hard wearing, retains shape, even surface
used in table cloths, upholstery, clothing

71
Q

Describe non-woven fabric

A

made directly from fibres without being spun

72
Q

Describe weft knitting

A

machine/hand made, using single yarn that interlocking loops across width.
stretchy/loose shape

73
Q

Describe warp knitting

A

machine made, forms interlocking vertical loops
less stretcy/holds shape better

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