Section A: Development in New Materials Flashcards
Whats metal foam and properties
cellular structure made from metal and gas filled pores
strong, good heat resistance, sound absorption, weight saving and imapact absorbing structures in vehicles
Whats Liquid Crystal Display
LCD is a matrix of pixels that display an image on a screen
What are coated metals
metal coatings help protect metal- more durable and reduce wear/tear. leave unprotected and its liable to rust/corrosion due to exposure
Give examples of coated metals
eg galvanised steel, plastic coatings (teflon), anodising, thermoplastic dip and painting
Whats titanium
Found in the crust, used in the form of an alloy
high strength, lightweight and ressists corrosion
Give examoles where titanium is used
missiles, space and aircraft and medicine for artificial joints (doesnt react with tissue)
What are nanomaterials
materials or substances made at small scale
contain particles less than 100 nanometres in size
Whats nanotechnology
adds properties to products eg lightness, tensile strength and rigidity
used in electronics and medicine
Can incorperate useful properties in textiles
eg resistant to bacteria, super hydrophobic and repel dirt/bad odours
Whats graphene and properties
single layer of carbon atoms tightly bound in hexagonal lattice
thinnest material, extremely strong, light and conductive to heat and electricity
Give examples in where graphene is used
sport equipment, cooling tech, tech in phones, batteries, solar applications, aerospace
What are smart materials
responsive materials designed to react to external stimuli, altering functional/ aesthetic properties
Whats polymorph
polymer that can be shaped/reshaped many times 62C becomes flexible and easy to mould to desired shape
What are the properties of polymorph when it sets/uses
- stiff, strong
- used for bespoke shapes(ergonomic handles) prototype mechanical parts and mouldings
What is shape memory alloy SMA
group of matrials that revert back to original shaoe after being deformed byb heat/external stimulus
Give an example of an SMA
- Nitinol used in dentistry for braces,
- thermal shape memory and super elasticity
- Nitinol mesh used in expandable stents for treating blocked arteries
What are thermochromic materials
- temp sensitive- change colour at certain ranges of temp
- incorperated into inks and printed onto plastic for temp indicators
What are photochromic materials example too
- change colour when exposed to different UV levels.
Eg glasses- in bright sunlight darken, revert to colourless
Explain how photochromic materials used in textiles
pigments used in printing inks and novelty toys
overtime pigments degrade from over exposure to UV
What are composite materials
Material which contains 2/+ different materials that are combined to create a material with improved function and properties
What is glass reinforced plastic GRP
- composite material, polyester reinforced with addition of glass fibre
- made by combining thermosetting polyester resin and glass fibre matting
- strong and lightweight composite
- circuit boards, marine industry, boat hulls and custom car kit market
What is carbon reinforced plastic CRP
- Composite, thermoplastic reinforced with carbon fibres
- high strength:weight- rigid
- used in aerospace, F1 vehicle chassis, sport equip- running blades
What are technical textiles
manufactured for their function and performance
Give 5 examples of protective clothing protection
chemical protection
particulate filtration
flame resistance
cut resistance
outdoor protection&high visability
What is gore tex
Fabric with breathable and waterproof properties
commonly used in outdoor clothing
What is kevlar
plastic fibre with hight tensile strength, heat resistant, extremely hard-wearing
flexible and lightweight synthetic fibre from aramids (modified polyamide)
Explain how kevlar fibres are arranged to provide protective properties
fibres tightly woven to resist penetration. fibres absorb nd dissipate an impact
Give examples where kevlar is used
body armour, bullet proof vests etc
used to reinforce tyres, add strength and durability in sport equip and vehicle components
What are microfibres
synthetic fibres less than 1 denier which can be microencapsulated
What is microencapsulation and uses
process of adding a coating to tiny particles or droplets
improve properties of microfibre like antimircrobial agents, insecticides, moisturisers, medicines release under control
What are fire resistant fibres
designed to withstand heat and resist burning
for fire fighters
What are conductive fibres
made from coated/blended conductive metals
used for thermal heating/allow electrical signal to pass little resistance
What is an example of a fire resistant fibre
Nomex (fibre thickens and absorbs heat) woven to provide protection against heat without melting
lightweight and durable
used for racing crew too
What can conductive fibres include
batteries, small lights and electronics embedded in them
fitted for sportswear to monitor vital stats
What can be woven into fabric to generate power from sunlight and motion
fibre based solar cells & kinetic energy harvesters
