Section A

Question 1

Ego Omnes

Answer 1

1. Hildegard von Bingen
2. ego ones from ordo virtutum
3. chant- liturgical drama
4. • the work features 19 characters, including 16 virtues, 1 devil, 1 “anima”, and 2 choruses
     - the musical highpoint is towards the end when “victory” sings high melisma on Gaudette to stress symbolic defeat of death
5. -she was a visionary German nun who founded 2 convents
   - she composed 70+ unusual chants that featured angular melodies and large leaps and melismas

Question 2

Kyrie Cunctipotens

Answer 2

1. Anonymous
2. Kyrie Cunctipotens
3. Melismatic/florid organum
4. -melismatic/florid organum emerged in the 900s to 1000s and featured a principle, lower voice and an organal, upper voice.
   - The organum is based upon the Kyrie Eleison chant, meaning Lord Have Mercy
5. • piece is slower and dissonances between tenor and duplum
     - new names for parts called tenor and duplum

Question 3

Videront Omnes- perotin

Answer 3

1. perotin
2. Videront Omnes
3. 4 part organum
4. • Pertain contributed to organum by adding more upper voices, titled Triplum and Quadruplum
     - the result of his contributions were 3 part organum and 4 part organum compositions
     5.- extremely long note sung by tenor, upper notes probably sung by soloists
     - scale of piece matches the grandeur of Notre dame cathedral

Question 4

Super te Jerusalem

Answer 4

1. Anonymous
2. Super te Jerusalem
3. Polytextual 13C motet
4. • Because the text is in latin, it was most likely sung during mass, as text for secular motets was in French.
     - polytectual motet means voices overlap one another

5.

Question 5

Flos Ut Rosa Floruit

Answer 5

1. Anonymous
2. Flos ut Rosa Floruit
3. Polyphonic Conductus
4. • in the 1100 and 1200s, the conductus style with caudal emerged. Cauda meaning tail= long melisma at end
     - the conductus style with cauda does not follow 6 rhythmic modes
5. m45 cauda begins till end. Long melisma.
   - polyphonic new/freely conceived text= conductus style.

Question 6

Gerrit Gallus

Answer 6

1. De Vitry
2. garret callus from roman de fauvel
3. isorhythmic mid 14C motet
4. • satire about corrupt fr. state: Donkey RdF ascends fr. throne
     - unusually the text is in latin, not French. Should be French because its secular music
5. • isorhythm happens 6x in tenor part. Isorhythm= repeating rhythmic pattern. Talea
     - Talea is a palindrome and alternates between 2/4 and 3/4.

Question 7

Agnus Dei

Answer 7

1. Machaut
2. Agnus Dei from Messe de notre dame
3. polyphonic setting of Agnus Dei
4. • French composer, poet and priest
     - all movements are based on plain chant, with some in conductus style and others using isorhythm
5. • latin text in abc form with 3 verses
     - symbolizes musical perfection via triple meter and open 4ths, 5ths, 8ves often used for closing cadences.

Question 8

Ma fin est mon commencement

Answer 8

1. machaut
2. ma fin est mon commencement
3. fixed form: rondo
4. • the piece is based upon RC theology: life leads to death= eternal life
     - a rondeau- 8 lines of text set as AB aA ab AB for 3 vv.
5. • the cactus and tenor parts are exact retrogrades of each other and contravener line reverses itself at midpoint
     - upper 2 parts in retrograde invertible counterpoint, a technique commonly used by js Bach