Section 8

Question 1

What are the regulatory requirements for carrying livestock? (M.O. 43)

Answer 1

Division 3 Vessel Operations
Division 4 Restrictions on carriage of livestock
Division 5 Australian Certificate for the Carriage of Livestock
Division 6 Livestock Services
Division 7 Fire Prevention
Division 8 Bulk Fodder
Division 9 Access - People and Livestock
Division 10 Vessel Requirements
Division 11 Requirements by Species
Division 12 Hospital Pens
Division 13 Carriage in Portable Equipment
Division 14 Short voyages
Division 15 Reporting
Schedule 1 Stability Criteria
Schedule 2 Provision for Livestock Services
Additionally, Meat & Livestock Australia have published ventilation requirements for livestock aboard.

Question 2

What are the precautions for loading refrigerated containers onboard?

Answer 2

• Important to maintain the temp and not pre-cool it.
• Check the plug points are operational and sufficient spares are carried.
• A reefer manifest must be obtained and checked by C/M and ETO.
• Pre-cooling should not take place unless temp in the cold store = container and a “Cold Tunnel’ is used.
• Ensure reefer container had been set with correct temp setting.
• Air vents to be opened to release carbon dioxide and ethylene gas to its required respiration rate.
• If there’s a reefer failure or large differences in temp inform company and charterer immediately.
• Prepare a detailed list of reefers o/b, their loc. and temp. settings.

Question 3

What precautions for loading timber on deck?

Answer 3

• Hatch coverd and all other openings to be closed and battened down.
• Air pipes and ventilators should be protected. Check-valves should be checked for operatinal status.
• Objects that may obstruct loading of cargo should be removed and safely secured elsewhere.
• Friction enhancing arrangemetns should be checked.
• Deck lashings to be readily available for use.
• All securing pipes should not be obstructed by cargo as far as practicable.

Question 4

Describe the lashing arrangement of timber deck cargoes.

Answer 4

Uprights must always be used with hog wires.

Where uprights are used:
- Be made of material of adequate strength, taking into account the parameters of the cargo.
- Be spaced at intervals between the centrelines of 2 uprights not exceeding 3m and all sections of the stow be supported by at least 2 uprights.
- Be fixed to the deck or hatch cover by efficient means and secured in pos’N as required by the CSM.
The max. spacing of the lashings are determined by max. height of the timber cargo in the vicinity of the lashings.
- for a height of 2.5m and below, the max. spacing should be 3m.
- for the height of above 2.5m, the max. spacing should be 1.5m
- on the foremost and aft-most secitons of the cargo the dist. between lashings should be halved.

Question 5

How will you ascertain the stability of the vessel when loading timber on deck?

Answer 5

• The increased weight of the timber deck cargo as a result of the absorption of water and ice.
• Any variations in the o/b consumables.
• The weight if water trapped in the broken gaps of the cargo.
• The FSE of liquids in the various tanks.
  Metacentric height does not exceed 3% of the breadth of the ship to precent excessive rolling.

Question 6

Sketch timber load line

Answer 6