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AQA GCSE PE > Section 4 - Healthy, Fitness and Well-being > Flashcards

Section 4 - Healthy, Fitness and Well-being Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the benefits of being physically healthy ?

A
  • body’s organs work well
  • don’t suffer from illness, disease or injury
  • strong and fit enough to complete everyday actiities
  • reduce the risk of obesity
  • more flexible muscles
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2
Q

What long term health risks does exercise reduce ?

A
  • high blood pressure
  • helps remove cholesterol which reduces CHD
  • osteoporosis
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes
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3
Q

What are the benefits of being mentally healthy ?

A
  • feeling confident
  • manage emotions / emotional stable
  • not too much stress or anxiety
  • no mental illness
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4
Q

What effects does exercise have on mental health ?

A
  • increase self esteem
  • competing improves your ability to deal with pressure
  • helps relieve stress
  • level of endorphins increases
  • level of serotonin increases (in brain)
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5
Q

What are the benefits of being socially healthy ?

A
  • have friends
  • have worth in community
  • food, shelter, clothing
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6
Q

What effects does exercise have on social health ?

A
  • helps you make friends (from different backgrounds)
  • helps with teamwork
  • learn new skills which links with work success
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7
Q

What is the acronym for key lifestyle choices ?

A

Diet
Recreational drugs (alcohol nicotine)
Activity level
Work / Rest / Sleep balance

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8
Q

What are the effects your diet has on your body ?

A
  • balanced diet supports healthy lifestyle
  • right nutrients provide energy
  • fats, sugar, salt have negative effects and increase risk of obesity
  • not eating enough = malnutrition
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9
Q

What are the effects recreational drugs have on your body ?

A

ALCOHOL :

  • affects coordination, speech, judgement
  • large amounts increases blood pressure
  • heavy drinking damages liver, heart, muscles, brain, digestive and immune system

SMOKING :

  • damages cells in lungs (cilia)
  • increased risk of infection and bronchitis & pneumonia
  • damage alveoli
  • risk of lung cancer
  • addictive nicotine = increased heart rate, blood pressure
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10
Q

What are the effects activity level has on your body ?

A
  • increases health
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11
Q

What are the effects work / rest / sleep balance has n your body ?

A
  • rest relieves stress / anxiety
  • stress = high blood pressure
  • stress affects emotional / metal health
  • insomnia causes depression
  • rest allows body to recover
  • lack of sleep = lack of concentration , coordination
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12
Q

What is a sedentary lifestyle ?

A

not exercising enough

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13
Q

What are the effects of a sedentary lifestyle ?

A

overweight, overfat, obese

  • strains cardiovascular system
  • high cholesterol
  • risk of strokes
  • type 2 diabetes
  • cancers
  • decreases speed, flexibility, agility
  • lose muscle tone
  • poor sleep
  • depression
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14
Q

State some facts about health issues

A
  • 1993 to 2009, women has higher obesity rate than men

- 2010 men had higher obesity rates than women

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15
Q

What is a balanced diet ?

A

a balanced diet contains the best ratio of nutrients to match you lifestyle

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16
Q

What are the 2 types of nutrients ?

A

MACROnutrients - protein (15% - 20%), fats (25%v - 30%), carbs (55% - 60%)

MICROnutrients - vitamins, minerals

17
Q

What do carbs, fats and proteins have in common ?

A

they all give you engery

18
Q

What to carbs do ?

A
  • provide energy to muscles
  • some get used straight away
  • others are stored in the liver and muscles or turnd into fat
19
Q

What do fats do ?

A
  • made from fatty acids
  • provide energy for low intensity exercise
  • keep body warm
  • protect organs
  • absorb certain vitamins
  • source of omega 3 and 6
20
Q

What does protein do ?

A
  • helps with growth and repair
  • repair muscle after exercise
  • make amino acids
21
Q

What do vitamins do ?

A

help your bones, teeth, skin and tissues to grow

22
Q

What does vitamin A do ?

A
  • growth and vision
23
Q

What does vitamin D do ?

A
  • strong bones

- prevent injuries

24
Q

What does vitamin C do ?

A
  • good for skin
  • helps immune system
  • helps you stay healthy
25
Q

What do minerals do ?

A
  • help bones, teeth and tissue

- help in chemical reactions

26
Q

What does calcium do ?

A
  • strengthens bones and teeth

- strengthens muscle contractions

27
Q

What doe iron do ?

A
  • making red blood cells
28
Q

What does water do ?

A
  • chemical reactions e.g. sweat
  • prevent dehydration which leads to thinker blood and less blood flow to the muscles
  • decreases body temp
  • prevents muscle fatigue
  • prevents slow reaction
29
Q

What does fibre do ?

A
  • helps digestive system
30
Q

What is a mesomorph ?

A
  • wide shoulders
  • muscular
  • strong
  • not much body fat
31
Q

What is an ectomorph ?

A
  • narrow shoulders, hips, chest
  • not much muscle or fat
  • long, thin arms and legs
32
Q

What is an endomorph ?

A
  • wide hips
  • narrow shoulders
  • lot of fat on body, arms, legs
  • thin ankles, wrists
33
Q

What 4 things does optimum weight depend on ?

A
  • height : taller = larger body = higher ow
  • bone structure : larger bones = more dense = heavier skeleton = high ow
  • muscle girth : more muscle = bigger circumference = higher ow
  • gender : men = larger bone structure + more muscle = higher ow
34
Q

What are the categories of weight on the BMI ?

A
  • under 18.5 = underweight
  • over 25 = overweight
  • over 30 = obese
35
Q

What is BMI not an accurate representation ?

A

doesn’t take into account muscle girth and bone structure

AQA GCSE PE (6 decks)

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