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Christianity > Section 4: Forms Of Expression > Flashcards

Section 4: Forms Of Expression Flashcards

1
Q

What are drawings and paintings

A

Visual adis to worship to remember and explain aspects of faith

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2
Q

What did the Catechism say about forms of expression and opposition

A
  • ‘scared art is true and beautiful’
  • helps worshippers to understand more about God and bring them deeper into worship
  • reminder that art can support their beliefs
  • tells leaders to make sure they use sacred art in their buildings

BUT
- Protestants say it’s idolatry
- Quakers find god within so don’t need art

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3
Q

Communion of Saints

A

Everyone who has ever been a Christian

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4
Q

St John of Damascus

A
  • defends use of art
  • just as god became incarnate believers can me images of that human form
  • followers shouldn’t worship art but respect and honour them as they depict holy images
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5
Q

Different ways art might be used

A
  • decoration
  • prayers cards, paintings, statues
  • aid to worship
  • symbols (e.g. halo=blessedness)
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6
Q

2 Examples of paintings and their meanings

A
  • the last supper (Leonardo da Vinci)
    -> sacrifice Jesus is about the make, his relationship with humanity, Jesus’ omnibenevolence in the face of betrayal and God in incarnate form
  • the last judgement (Michelangelo)
    -> Jesus said on judgement day everyone will be separated into 2 groups (parable of sheep and goats)
  • reminds Catholics that they must serve good in order to be rewarded with eternal life and what will happen if they don’t
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7
Q

What are icons

A
  • Greek for image
  • painted onto wood (easy to carry -> missionary work)
  • realistic portrait style -> create relationship with worshippers
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8
Q

Images of Christ

A
  • Made to honour him
  • help people to worship
  • recognise that Jesus was God in human form
  • blessed -> help people be close to God
  • Christ has entered creation
  • referred to as ‘window into heaven’ -> invisible become visible
  • can move a person to pray
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9
Q

Outline 3 beliefs about icons

A
  • they are blessed, allowing them to be closer to God
  • they can give a view into heaven
  • they help recognise that Jesus was god made human
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10
Q

Sacred sculpture examples and significance

A
  • Pietà -> Michelangelo
  • St Peter by Anolfo di Cambio -> in it he holds the keys to the kingdom
  • express belief in the incarnation
  • belief in the trinity
  • worshipper express devotion and respect (pilgrimage)
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11
Q

St Francis Of Assisi

A
  • first nativity scene to educate illiterate people about the Christmas story
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12
Q

How sculptures are used in church

A
  • reflection
  • focus -> need visual aids to express their transcendental beliefs
  • reminder of important events
  • evangelising + missionary work
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13
Q

How is symbolism used

A
  • to help comprehend transcendental concepts (incarnations + ascension etc)
  • pictures -> symbols of love
  • sacraments -> symbols of holiness
  • actions -> eg. A priest lays hands on congregation (represents love and healing)
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14
Q

Choose a christian symbol and explain why it is important (5)

A
  • the cross is important as it demonstrates the sacrifice Jesus made for us
    -> some Christians like Catholics belief the cross can be used to support faith as told in the Catechism
    -> the cross is a constant reminder of the atonement done so we could have salvation
  • the cross also demonstrates the incarnation which can help a Christian comprehend the told of the trinity and how present they are in our lives as a result of their involvement in creation
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15
Q

What does the cross/crucifix represent

A
  • Christians started using the cross around 300 years ago after the death of Jesus
  • crucifix didn’t appear until 100 years later
  • used to help Christian’s focus on prayer and symbolise Jesus’ death and sacrifice
  • worn to show faith
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16
Q

What does the fish represent

A
  • ‘ichthus’
  • used by first Christians as a secret symbol
  • comes from the Greek word for fish
  • Jesus told the disciples that he will make them ‘fishers of men’
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17
Q

Significance of Chi Rho

A
  • come from the first 2 letters of the Greek word for Christ
  • both letters are combined to represent the belief of Jesus as Christ was was chosen by God as a sacrifice
  • used to appear on Roman helmets shields etc.
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18
Q

Significance of the dove

A
  • comes from the story of Jesus’ baptism when Jesus described the Holy Spirit coming down ‘like a dove’
  • the dove symbolises the Holy Spirit
  • used as a symbol of peace + new hope
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19
Q

Significance of the eagle

A
  • comes from the Bible when a prophet said that those who wait patiently for God will be rewarded with ‘wings like eagles’
  • symbolises Jesus as the Son of God
  • the eagle can be find on a lectern to symbolise carrying the word of God
20
Q

Significance of alpha and omega

A
  • comes from first and last of the Greek alphabet
  • Jesus says ‘i am the alpha and omega’
    -> I am the beginning and the end
  • together the symbol represents the belief that Jesus is eternal
21
Q

Name the 4 evangelists and their symbols

A

Matthew -> human/angel (incarnation)
Mark -> lion (miracle worker)
Luke -> ox (sacrifice)
John -> eagle (heavenly aspect + Word of God)

22
Q

Outline 3 statues you are likely to find in a Christian church

A
  • St Peter
  • Statue of the Virgin Mary
  • Statue of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
23
Q

Explain 2 ways Christians use statues

A
  • to aid prayer when struggling to connect with God -> focusing on a physical representation of a religious figure can help them feel closer to God and give them the ability to prayer
  • for evangelical and missionary work -> some can be easily transported and shown to non-believers or illiterate people to bring them into the Body of Christ and help them achieve salvation
24
Q

Explain 2 ways statues are used to express Christian belief

A
  • through portraying events that took place -> like statues of the incarnation like the Sacred Heart of Jesus help to understand the sacrifice made for humans and support their belief of an omnibenevolent God
  • also through aiding missionary work which Jesus ordered we do in the Great Commission in Mark -> allows Christians to express their devotion and desire to act on Jesus’ teachings with the help of visual aids
25
Q

‘The use of statues in Christian churches can help you get close to God’

A

AGREE
- Catechism says art expresses relationship with God
- you are using the gifts God gave you and so doing as he willed
- helps people to pray + connect with God
- reflect on that incarnation + his sacrifice for us -> St John of Damascus (like God became life we can make art of that human form)

DISAGREE
- distractions + idolatry -> against the 10Cs
- Quakers find God within + so don’t need artificial sources to seek him out

26
Q

Mystery plays

A
  • medieval play about the stories of the Bible
  • Middle Ages
  • creation, Noah’s Arc etc
  • mystery of humans being saved
  • performed at street festivals (usually at Easter)
  • help illiterate Catholics
  • harrowing of hell -> play about Christ freeing people from hell
  • hope and forgiveness
27
Q

Why mystery plays were important

A
  • exciting and entertaining
  • inclusive and engaging
  • no other forms of entertainment
28
Q

Passion plays

A
  • drama retelling the story of the passion (suffering) and resurrection of Jesus
  • Jesus’ journey to the cross
  • grew out of Easter liturgy church into street
  • action of devotion for performer and audience
  • still happen -> like in Germany
  • salvation and forgiveness
29
Q

Importance of passion plays

A
  • more accessible
  • inspire people and evangelisation
    -> more can achieve salvation
30
Q

Opposition to plays

A
  • can be misrepresented
  • Jesus’ death is a time for entertainment
  • seen as blasphemous
    -> 10Cs and Martin Luther
31
Q

How drama is used to express belief

A
  • symbolic to help Christians understand God’s message
  • dramatic clothes, gestures and sacred objects used in services (eg Eucharist)
  • physical actions -> kneeling, sign of the cross, standing
  • Eucharist -> reenactment of Last Supper
  • candles/lights (Easter Sunday Vigil)
  • all symbolic of the incarnation
  • BUT Quakers don’t do any of this
32
Q

Explain 2 ways in which drama expresses Christian beliefs

A
  • through re enacting significant events from the Bible like Eucharist resembles the Last Supper and allow Christians to show their devotion and thankfulness for the new covenant that Jesus sacrificed himself for
  • also through evangelisation -> passion and mystery plays make it more accessible to people allowing more to enter the body of Christ and achieve salvation which Christian’s believe is their duty
33
Q

Nonfiction

A
  • letters, instructions, commentaries
  • different viewpoints
  • CS Lewis The Great Divorce (divorce is a sin)
34
Q

Fiction

A
  • varied
  • not always explicit
35
Q

C.S. Lewis

A

The hero lion represents Jesus in the ‘Lion the witch and the wardrobe’

36
Q

Outline 3 features of Christian literature

A
  • fiction literature can often have deeper meanings
  • can come in mah different forms like letters
  • provide different Christian viewpoints
37
Q

Plainchants

A

Style of unaccompanied singing for monasteries or services developed from Jewish chanting in synagogue -

-> reflects belief and awe in god

38
Q

Gregorian chant

A

Sacred song from the Catholic tradition

39
Q

Modicum Sacrum

A

Sacred music, Catholic, part of liturgical worship

40
Q

Psalms

A

Songs of praise from the OT
-> voices + instruments

41
Q

Explain 2 ways in which traditional music is used to express belief

A
  • through showing devotion -> through psalms and the modicum sacrum they can show love for God
  • also helps connect to God
42
Q

Contemporary music

A
  • worship songs -> short modern 1-2 verses
  • put a Bible story for msuic
  • love of God, forgiveness and praise
  • many instruments
  • lively with dance moves
  • more inspiring to some (children + those losing faith)
43
Q

Against contemporary music

A

Can take focus off of God and cause distraction

44
Q

Examples of contemporary music

A

Graham Kendrick
Taizé -> Latin chants + contemporary (ECUMENICAL MUSIC)

45
Q

How music expresses beliefs

A
  • creation
  • redemption
  • just to listen + mediate (prayer) to but also some for joining in
  • response to God’s love
  • Doxology -> the praise of God in words, music, or song
  • different styles and occasions (eg Christmas carols)

Christianity (5 decks)

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