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Christianity > Section 1: Beliefs > Flashcards

Section 1: Beliefs Flashcards

1
Q

What do Christians believe about God?

A
  • he is omnibenevolent/scient/potent
  • he is the creator or everybting
  • created the world in 6 days
  • he has 3 forms
  • he made the 10 Commandments
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2
Q

3 Features of God the Father

A
  • created us + the world
  • cares for us
  • he will judge
  • rules everything
  • transcendent
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3
Q

3 Features of God the Son

A
  • came to Earth in the form of his Jesus
  • born to the Virgin Mary
  • performed miracles
  • died + came back to life
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4
Q

3 Features of God the Holy Spirit

A
  • works everywhere within the world
  • helper + guide
  • breathes life into people
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5
Q

What is a creed?

A

A statement of faith by a religious community

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6
Q

What does the Nicene Creed do?

A
  • affirms the Christian church’s belief in the Trinity
  • describes each person of the Trinity
  • describes the equality + eternity of each member
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7
Q

How the Trinity is reflected in worship

A
  • Catholics cross themselves when they enter church
  • worshippers repeat the Nicene Creed to express their belief in the Trinity
  • at the end of the service, the minister says ‘may almighty God bless you, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit’
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8
Q

How the Trinity is reflected in belief

A
  • reflects ways God shows his presence in the world
  • God the Father -> creator, caregiver
  • God the Son -> helps Christians understand God’s love
  • Holy Spirit -> helps Christians understand the presence of God
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9
Q

State 3 facts about the Nicene Creed

A
  • describes each person of the Trinity
  • affirms the Christian church’s belief in the Trinity
  • describes the equality + eternity of each member of the Trinity
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10
Q

Outline 3 beliefs about the Nicene Creed

A
  • shows god is one being yet 3 persons
  • god the son was sacrificed for mankind
  • god the father is the creator
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11
Q

State 3 facts about the Creation Story in Genesis 1

A
  • it takes place in 7 days
  • on the 3rd day God made land and plants
  • the 7th day was the day of rest
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12
Q

Outline 3 Christian beliefs about the Creation Story

A
  • God created everything from nothing
  • creation came about because of God’s words
  • males + females were created at the same time (equal)
  • humans are in charge
  • God was pleased
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13
Q

Outline 3 Literalist Christian beliefs about the Creation Story in Genesis 1

A
  • that it tells us the universe was made for a reason
  • that it tells us the world was literally made in 6 days
  • that it should not be questioned as it is God’s word
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14
Q

Why people would believe in the Incarnation

A
  • helps Christians have a personal relationship with God
  • shows God cared enough to come to Earth and die for us
  • fulfils OT prophecies
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15
Q

Why people wouldn’t believe in the Incarnation

A
  • no scientific evidence
  • how can God be in heaven and on Earth
  • miracles aren’t real
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16
Q

Explain 2 reasons why the incarnation is important for Christians (5)

A
  • because it helps Christians understand God as omnibenevolent as he sacrificed his Son to save us -> John: ‘grace and truth came from Jesus Christ’
  • also because it fulfils the OT prophecies proving Jesus to be the Messiah we were expecting
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17
Q

State 3 facts about the Last Supper

A
  • Jesus gave the disciples bread and wine
  • he told them to ‘love one another’
  • it was held the evening before Jesus’ death
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18
Q

Receptionism

A
  • the Anglican belief that Jesus is spiritual present in the bread and wine + by having it they become part of Jesus
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19
Q

Transubstantiation

A

Some believe the wine and bread mystically become his blood and body

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20
Q

Why Eucharist is important to Christians today

A
  • reminds them of Jesus’ huge sacrifice for them
  • believes it brings them to the presence of the living Jesus
  • communion gives them the strength to support each other in life
  • St Paul’s letter commands them to copy Jesus’ actions
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21
Q

Judas as innocent or the villain

A

Innocent:
- satan entered Judas to make him betray Jesus (suggested in both Luke and John)
- was actually a loyal servant as he followed God’s plan

Villain:
- betrayed Jesus
- Judas was greedy who was motivated by the money reward
- was disappointed that Jesus wasn’t a violent leader who would take over the Romans
- Jesus said about the betrayer ‘it would be better for him if he had not been born’

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22
Q

3 facts about Jesus’ Arrest

A
  • Judas identified Jesus by kissing him
  • Judas brought the authorities to get Jesus in the middle of the night
  • Took place in Gethsemane
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23
Q

3 facts about the Sanhedrin

A
  • most important rulers of the Temple
  • 70 council members
  • high priest was the judge
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24
Q

Should Jesus have done more to defend himself

A

No:
- couldn’t do anything as his rights were restricted by a ‘higher power’
- it would’ve interfered with God’s plan and interfered with the fact Jesus was supposed to know how it was going to unfold

25
Q

Significance of the resurrection today

A
  • proof that he is divine (fulfils prophecies)
  • the relationship with God was restored
  • hope for Christians -> they will also resurrect
  • the basis of Christianity (1 Corinthians)
  • we won’t need our earthly bodies in heaven (Nicene Creed)
  • salvation -> everyone is capable of being resurrected
  • no pain or suffering in heaven
26
Q

‘The crucifixion was the most important even of Jesus’ life’

A

For:
- other events wouldn’t of happened without it
- he sacrificed himself for us (allowed us to achieve salvation)
- fulfilled OT prophecies

Against:
- his teachings were more important
- resurrection is the basis of Christianity

27
Q

Outline 3 things Jesus told his disciples at the Last Supper

A
  • he said ‘do this in remembrance’
  • ‘this cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood’
  • ‘the one who betrays me if here at the table with me’
28
Q

Explain 2 reasons why Jesus’ last days/death may be significant to Christians

A
  • fulfilled the OT prophecies (Isaiah 53: ‘suffering servant’)
  • restored the relationship between God and humanity (salvation)
29
Q

Outline 3 Christian beliefs about the Last Supper

A
  • reminds Christians of suffering to come
  • Christians are reminded of the OT prophecies
  • reminder of the new covenant God made with humanity through sacrifice
30
Q

Explain why the ascension is important for Christians

A
  • helps them remember when Jesus went to heaven and saw the disciples for the last time and gave them the job to carry on his teachings
  • it demonstrates God’s omnipotence as he can overcome death and there is life after death
31
Q

Salvation

A
  • the saving of the soul from sin
  • achieved by the grace of God , free will and personal efforts through prayer
32
Q

What do Christians say about salvation?

A
  • Jesus gave us salvation through his crucifixion, death and resurrection
  • Jesus is our saviour
  • God forgives anybody for anything if they are sorry
  • Jesus’ death made up for original sin
33
Q

Explain how Jesus’ death on the cross leads to salvation for Christians (5)

A
  • it restored the relationship with God -> his death made up for the original sun and God accepted his sacrifice as atonement -> made it possible for God to forgive anybody who asks in faith
  • shows them to have faith -> Romans: ‘the gift of God is eternal life’
34
Q

God’s Grace

A

Kindness from God that we don’t deserve

35
Q

Outline 3 Christian beliefs about salvation through God’s Grace

A
  • it is given to those who don’t deserve it
  • that it is a free gift of help
  • that it comes from the Holy Spirit
36
Q

Outline 3 beliefs about salvation through God’s Spirit

A
  • we must pray to achieve it
  • we have to repent to achieve it
  • it must be worked for
37
Q

‘Salvation is God’s greatest gift to humans’

A

For:
- the only way to be with God and have eternal life
- helps them lead a good life which then also helps others and broaden the community (charity work, missionary work)
- feel free from the burden of sin
- hope that death can be overcome

Against:
- we still have to work to achieve it
- predestination -> already determined
- creation was the greatest gift BUT not permanent
- free will is the greatest gift
- Jesus didn’t have to suffer

38
Q

Heaven

A
  • state of being with God
  • eternal
  • state of perfect happiness
39
Q

Hell

A
  • state of being separated from God
  • rejected God’s forgiveness
  • where Satan rules
40
Q

Purgatory

A
  • state of preparation for heaven
  • Catholics believe souls go to purgatory to be purified before heaven
  • people may pass from earth to purgatory then when ready go to heaven
41
Q

Describe 2 Christian beliefs about life after death (5)

A
  • those who helps others despite difference and beliefs will be recognised by God and sent to heaven -> Good Samaritan and this leads Christians on to do more good in life (charity work)
  • they will be sent to purgatory first to cleanse their souls before entering heaven -> this emphasise the belief of God as merciful and forgiving
42
Q

Describe 2 differences between the teachings of Christianity and another religion you have studied (4)

A
  • Hindus go through the samsara cycle of life, death and rebirth whilst Christians believe in heaven, hell and purgatory
    -> one believes in physical rebirth and the other believes we only have one physical life before we reunite spiritually with God
  • when Hindus do bad in a past life the only way they can make up for it is by doing more good in the next life whilst Christians can repent their sins and receive salvation in the same life
    -> their beliefs in how to get to be with God differ
43
Q

Explain why evil and suffering is a problem for theists (4)

A
  • it defeats the idea that God is omnibenevolent -> if God was all-loving he would save us from all pain
  • it defeats the idea that God is omnipotent -> if he was all-powerful he would have the ability to stop things that cause suffering like poverty
44
Q

Explain 2 Christian teachings about when the afterlife begins (5)

A
  • that you are sent to purgatory to be judged which is shown in the Parable of the Sheep and Goats when it says Jesus will come back and separate the good from the bad
  • that when it begins there will be a bodily resurrection -> at the end of time our bodies will resurrect and ascend
45
Q

‘Suffering has value’

A

For:
- we wouldn’t be able to appreciate the happy times
- brings people closer to God (prayer)
- allows us to understand each other
- tests our faith in God

Against:
- no excuse for pain
- causes loss of faith
- God i supposed to be omnibenevolent and omnipotent

46
Q

Solutions to evil

A
  • it’s a test of faith
  • we deserve to be punished for original sin (BUT Jesus already atoned for that)
  • God gave us free will
47
Q

Summary of the Book of Job

A
  • Job was a wealthy man who shunned evil
  • Satan suggested to God that they take all his possessions away to test his faith
  • job never lost faith and was rewarded many times over
48
Q

Explain 2 Christian beliefs about suffering as told in the Book of Job

A
  • it can happen to anyone, whether you are innocent or not, you are at risk of suffering with way as it is a test of faith
  • that suffering will always be rewarded if faith is kept
49
Q

Does the Story of Job solve the problem of suffering and evil?

A

YES:
- it is part of God’s plan as a test of faith and those who keep faith will be rewarded
- reassures those who are suffering
- supports soul-making/Irenaen Theodicy
- teaches Christians that their relationship with God will be stronger after

NO:
- if God was omniscient he wouldn’t have to test faith
- what about everything else that suffered -> his children and animals
- it could cause people to lose faith
- an omnipotent God would find another way to test suffering

50
Q

Explain how a Christian charity responds to evil and suffering

A
  • through providing help to those in need like Tearfund who help those affected by natural disasters -> helps removes suffering from the world
  • by joining with churches and organisations to strengthen the support -> this means everyone joins together to help others and themselves achieve salvation
51
Q

Explain how prayer helps Christians to respond to evil and suffering

A
  • through it giving them reassurance that their pain isn’t forever -> they know that God is watching over then and they will soon be free of suffering
  • through it allowing them to focus on others’ needs (intercession) and help others
52
Q

Explain how the Lord’s Prayer might help a Christian who is suffering

A
  • by reassuring them that pain isn’t forever with ‘but deliver us from evil’ letting us know that God will always put an end to our suffering not matter what
  • by showing them faith in God will be rewarded with forgiveness with ‘forgiveness us our debts’ reassuring us that God will give us salvation from our suffering if we keep our trust in him
53
Q

Why Evil has a purpose..

A

God wanted genuine perfect to be made through free will so evil must exist to create our soul
-> responding positively to evil makes our relationship with God closer

54
Q

Outline 3 features of the Irenaean Theodicy

A
  • evil is due to free will
  • God didn’t create a perfect world
  • goodness has to be developed by reacting positively to evil
55
Q

Give 2 reasons why some would say the transfiguration shows us who Jesus really is

A
  • it showed the relationship between him and God -> it does this as Moses was present symbolising the 10 Commandments and new covenant with God
  • because it shows Jesus in his resurrected state in dazzling white -> symbolises future hope and gives evidence towards his divinity
56
Q

Explain two beliefs about how atonement links to salvation

A
  • atonement allowed salvation to occur -> Jesus sacrifice laid the price for sin and restored the loving relationship with Go
  • everything Jesus did is an example in order to guide human beings
57
Q

Explain 2 ways the creation account in the Bible is important for Christians today

A
  • showcases how god is the source of all life -> shows that he is above all understanding and allows us to live in a way that recognise everything belongs to god
  • shows god made this for us -> look after what god made for us
58
Q

‘Jesus had to be put to death’

A

FOR
- without his death humanity would still be suffering -> in mark at the last supper Jesus marks his death as the start of the new covenant (‘this is my blood God’s new covenant’) BUT suffering still exists together
- fulfilled OT prophecies (Isaiah 53) -> if he hadn’t of died gods plan would’ve been disproven -> closed the epistemic distance with god and made salvation possible
- if jesus hadn’t of died the sending out of the 12 wouldn’t of been necessary meaning discipleship wouldn’t exist today -> charity and missionary work would be reduced

AGAINST
- if his truly was omnipotent and omniscient why couldn’t the have found another way for the teachings to be caught -> Jesus could’ve spread the gospels himself and saved more from sin

59
Q

Explain 2 reasons why the Word is important in the biblical accounts of creation in the Bible (5)

A
  • shows us that it has been with God since the start of time > John ‘from the very beginning the word was with God’
  • it shows that God is the source of all life -> god created the world through the power of the Word

Christianity (5 decks)

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