Section 3 - Health, Fitness and Well-being

Question 1

How does exercise effect Physical health and wellbeing?

Answer 1

• improves heart function
• improves efficiency of the body systems
• reduces the risk of some illness
• able to do everyday tasks
• to avoid obesity.

Question 2

How does exercise effect Mental health and wellbeing?

Answer 2

• reduces stress/tension
• release of feel good hormones (serotonin)
• able to control emotions.

Question 3

How does exercise effect Social health and wellbeing?

Answer 3

• opportunities to socialise/make friends
• cooperation
• teamwork
• have essential human needs (food,
  shelter, clothing).

Question 4

How does exercise effect Fitness?

Answer 4

• improves fitness
• reduces the chances of injury
• can aid in the physical ability to work, eg on your feet all day/manual labour.

Question 5

What does sedentary lifestyle mean?

Answer 5

Lifestyle with irregular or no physical activity

Question 6

What are the consequences of a sedentary lifestyle?

Answer 6

• weight gain/obesity
• heart disease
• hypertension
• diabetes
• poor sleep
• poor self-esteem
• lethargy

Question 7

Definition of Obesity

Answer 7

Being Obese means having a BMI score 30 or over

Question 8

How will Obesity affect performance?

Answer 8

• limits stamina/cardiovascular endurance
• limits flexibility
• limits agility
• limits speed/power.

Question 9

What else can Obesity cause? (Physical, mental + social)

Answer 9

Causes ill health (physical):
* cancer
* heart disease/heart attacks
* diabetes
* high cholesterol.

Causes ill health (mental):
* depression
* loss of confidence.

Causes ill health (social):
* inability to socialise
* inability to leave home.

Question 10

Definition of Endomorph

Answer 10

Wide hips but relatively narrow shoulders
Fat on body

Question 11

Definition of Mesomorph

Answer 11

Wide shoulders and reltivley narrow hips
Muscular body
Strong
Not much body fat

Question 12

Definition of Ectomorph

Answer 12

Narrow shoulders, hips, chest
not much muscle or fat
long, thin arms and legs

Question 13

What factors effect how much Energy you require?

Answer 13

• age
• gender
• height
• energy expenditure (exercise)

Question 14

How much Energy does an average adult male require per day?

Answer 14

2,500 Kcal

Question 15

How much Energy does an average adult female require per day?

Answer 15

2,000 Kcal

Question 16

Definition of Balanced diet

Answer 16

contains best ratio of nutrients to match you lifestyle

Question 17

What are the reasons for a balanced diet?

Answer 17

• unused energy is stored as fat, which could cause obesity (particularly saturated fat)
• suitable energy can be available for activity
• the body needs nutrients for energy, growth and hydration.

Question 18

What percentage of each nutrient does a balanced diet contain?

Answer 18

55–60% carbohydrate
25–30% fat
15–20% protein

Question 19

Role of Carbohydrates

Answer 19

main and preferred energy source for all types of exercise, of all intensities.

Question 20

Role of Fat

Answer 20

also an energy source. It provides more energy than carbohydrates but only at low intensity.

Question 21

Role of Protein

Answer 21

is for growth and repair of muscle tissue.

Question 22

Role of Vitamins and Minerals

Answer 22

maintaining the efficient working of the body systems and general health.

Question 23

Definition of Dehydration

Answer 23

Excessive loss of body water interrupting the function of the body.

Question 24

What is water balance

Answer 24

Hydration which prevents dehydration

Question 25

What does Dehydration result in?

Answer 25

• blood thickening (increased viscosity), which slows blood flow
• increases in heart rate/heart has to work harder/irregular heart rate (rhythm)
• increase in body temperature/overheat
• slowing of reactions/increased reaction
  time/poorer decisions
• muscle fatigue/cramps.