Section 3- Element 1 (CPR theory)

Question 1

What is the chain of survival?

Answer 1

Early recognition
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Post-resuscitation care

Question 2

If you are unable to make the chest rise during rescue breaths what should you do?

Answer 2

Lift the chin higher to get the airways further open yet do not go over the rescue breaths you have already tried, continue.

Question 3

What are the differences between adult and child CPR?

Answer 3

A child receives 5 initial rescue breaths and only has one hand used for compressions

Question 4

What are the differences between child and infant CPR

Answer 4

Child- One hand for compressions

Infant- Two fingers

Question 5

What is the correct rate of compression for CPR?

Answer 5

100-120 per minute

Question 6

What is the correct depth of compression for an adult casualty?

Answer 6

5-6cm

Question 7

What is the correct depth of compression for a child casualty?

Answer 7

One third

1/3

Question 8

What is the correct depth of compression for an infant casualty?

Answer 8

One third

1/3

Question 9

What problems might you encounter during CPR and what action would you take?

Answer 9

Being sick- Tilt on side to allow obstruction out

Rescue breaths not reaching the lungs- Head tilt and chin lift further

Question 10

What is agonal breathing and what does it indicate?

Answer 10

Not breathing properly, gasping for air

Indicates to start CPR

Question 11

When would you stop CPR and why?

Answer 11

Qualified help arrives to take over
OR
Signs of regaining consciousness
OR
You become exhausted

Question 12

What would you do differently in the CPR sequence if you had recovered the casualty from the water?

Answer 12

5 initial rescue breaths

Question 13

If you are in the water and unable to lift a casualty, who is not breathing, out safely, what would you do until assistance arrives?

Answer 13

Give continuous rescue breaths throw the nose, clothing the mouth, airway open, head leant on your arm whilst you hold the wall and support the casualties body with your leg

Question 14

Describe signs and symptoms of choking

Answer 14

Gripping their neck
Pale/discoloured face
Coughing
Distressed
Become unconscious

Question 15

What action would you take if an adult or child has a mild airway obstruction?

Answer 15

Encourage them to cough

Question 16

What action would you take if an adult or child has a severe airway obstruction

Answer 16

5 back blows

5 abdominal thrusts

Question 17

What action would you take for a choking casualty that has fallen unconscious?

Answer 17

Support them to the ground, preventing injury
Ensure 999 has been called
Start CPR (The compressions should relieve the obstruction, continue if not)

Question 18

Explain treatment for an infant casualty that has severe/complete airway obstruction

Answer 18

5 back blows
5 CHEST THRUSTS (Not abdominal, it’s dangerous)
Holding them on your arm or leg

Question 19

How would you carry out CPR on a suspected spinal WITH a team support?

Answer 19

Ensuring someone is holding the head securely and in line with the neck and spine.
Make head tilt and chin lifts with minimal movement

Question 20

How would you carry out CPR on a suspected spinal WITHOUT a team support?

Answer 20

As normal, try not to move the head too much but life is more important than the injury

Question 21

How would you manage a casualty this is regurgitating their stomach contents and has suspected spinal cord injury WITH/WITHOUT team support?

Answer 21

WITH team- Ensure somebody holds the head securely in line with the neck and spine. As well as somebody else holding the chin for extra support and keeping the airway open.
WITHOUT team- Carry out action for regurgitation in the normal way taking care to minimise any head and neck movement.

Question 22

What action would you take if an initial rescue breath didn’t inflate the chest?

Answer 22

The person securing the head must gently tilt it further, opening the airway a little more.

Question 23

What barrier device would you use when carrying out CPR?

Answer 23

Pocket/face mask

Question 24

List a benefit of using a face/pocket mask during resuscitation/CPR?

Answer 24

Prevents bacteria travelling between the casualty and rescuer
Also allows for two rescuers to swap every 2 minutes allowing rests for each rescuer

Question 25

Describe how to use a face/pocket mask

Answer 25

Place strap around head with the mask covering the nose and mouth.
Press down with your fingers and thumbs in a diamond shape covering any possible air escape holes.
Breath through the hole as if it were the casualties mouth