Section 2: Human Nutrition Flashcards
what are carbohydrates made up of?
simple sugars
what elements do carbohydrate molecules contain?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
what are starch and glycogen (two examples of large, complex carbohydrates) made up of?
starch - maltose, glycogen- glucose
what are proteins made up of?
amino acids
what elements do proteins contain?
carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen
what are lipids made up of?
fatty acids and glycerol
what elements do lipids contain?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
what is the test for glucose? what colour change of precipitates can be observed?
benedict’s reagent: precipitate turns from blue-green-yellow-orange-brick red in the presence of glucose
what is the test for starch?
iodine turns from browny orange to dark bluish black in the presence of starch.
what is the function of carbohydrates?
they provide energy
what are the functions of lipids?
provide energy, act as an energy store, provide insulation
what is the function of proteins?
needed for the growth and repair of tissue, provide energy in emergencies
what is the function of Vitamin A?
helps tp improve vision , keeps skin and hair healthy
what is the function of Vitamin C?
prevents scurvy
what is the function of Vitamin D?
needed for calcium absorption