Section 2 Flashcards
The IQ notion was first proposed in 1905 by whom?
Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon
The Stanford-Binet test was designed by who? What is it used for?
Lewis Terman; it categories intelligence
What’s the IQ equation?
Intelligence Quotient = mental age/chronological age x 100
What’s an average IQ?
90-110
The triarchic theory of intelligence was created by who?
Robert Sternberg
Howard Gardner suggested what?
That humans can possess seven different intelligences
- linguistic, logical mathematical, musical, body-kinaesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal
What did Earl Hunt like to study?
- Individual differences in problem solving
- finding the best use for each person’s style of problem solving
Lev Vygotsky believed what about children’s intelligence?
That it should be measured by their zone of proximal development
Zen of proximal development
The difference between what children can do on their own and what they can do with teaching and instruction
Raymond Cattel believed people had two types of intelligences—what are they?
Fluid intelligence: the type of intelligence one is born with
Crystallized intelligence: knowledge learned in school
What is the Revised Stanford-Binet test?
Usually used for gifted people or those with learning problems, this test individually administered in four separate areas
weschler intelligence scale for children (WISC-III)
Individually administered; yields a full scale IQ score
Beabody picture vocabulary test-revised
An untimely, individual test that takes about 15 minutes to administer;
Examiner says a words and the subject points at one of four pictures; test ends after six incorrect answers
Draw-a-person test
Children draw a person as well as possible; this is supposed to assess mental development as well as well-being
Cognitive abilities test
Group test given to students; gives three different scores for verbal reasoning, nonverbal reasoning, and quantitive reasoning
Grade level standardized tests
Group tests; in canada, they’re given in 6th, 9th, and final grade
Asses how well a student has done in math and english
Who scores highest on tests due to bias?
White middle/upper class people
What can affect IQ scores?
Situation; it doesn’t mean a person in a worse situation isn’t as smart—they aren’t as prepared to take the test
Raymond Cattel created what test to try to eliminate biased factors?
The Cultural Fair Intelligence Test (1944)
What are a few examples that can affect a person’s test scores?
The amount of sleep the person had, mood, and whether they’ve had a nutritious meal that day
A person can be __________ by an IQ score
A person can be STEREOTYPED by an IQ score
Labelling
When a person is stereotyped by one feature alone
Francis Galton realized that many intellectuals were what?
First-born children
Does an IQ score increase or decrease the older you get?
It increases
