Section 12

Question 1

Define: soluble

Answer 1

Capable of being dissolved

Question 2

Define: solute

Answer 2

the item being dissolved (the substance being dissolved in a solution [usually lesser quantity])

Question 3

Define: solvent

Answer 3

the item which is doing the dissolving (the dissolving medium in a solution)

Question 4

Define: suspension

Answer 4

if the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out unless the mixture is constantly stirred or agitated (particles are over 1000nm in size)

Question 5

Define: colloid

Answer 5

particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixture known as colloid (dispersions) (1-1000nm in size)

Question 6

If the solute state is Gas, then what is its solvent state?

Answer 6

Gas or Liquid

Question 7

If the solute state is Liquid, then what is its solvent state?

Answer 7

Liquid or Solid

Question 8

If the solute state is Solid, then what is its solvent state?

Answer 8

Liquid or solid

Question 9

Define: the Tyndall Effect

Answer 9

It occurs when light is scattered by colloidal particles dispersed in a transparent medium

Question 10

Define: electrolyte

Answer 10

A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current

Question 11

State the three factors that affect the rate of dissolution (dissolving)

Answer 11

-Increasing the surface area of the solute. -Agitating a solution. -heating a solvent (changing temperature)

Question 12

Define : saturated solution

Answer 12

A solution that contains the maxium amount of dissolved solute at a give temperature and pressure

Question 13

Define: unsaturated solution

Answer 13

A solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution under extreme conditions.

Question 14

DefineL supersaturated solution

Answer 14

A solution that contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution (at a given temperature and pressure).

Question 15

Define: solubility (of a substance)

Answer 15

the amount of that substance quired to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of solvent at a specified temperature.

Question 16

Define: hydration

Answer 16

the solution process with water as a solvent

Question 17

State Henry’s Law

Answer 17

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is dirently proportional to the partial pressure of that gas on the surface of the liquid (Pressure has a greater effect on the solubility of gases in solvents than it does on iquid

Question 18

What effect does temperature have on solubility and what information does a solubility curve provide to a chemist?

Answer 18

Basically, the solubility of substances increase with temperature. Solubility curves tell a chemist how much of a substance will dissolve ina specific amount of solvent at a

Question 19

Definel: Enthalpy of Solution

Answer 19

The net amount of energy absorbed as heat by the soliuon when a specific amount of solute dissolves in a solvent.

Question 20

Define: concentration

Answer 20

The concentration of a solution is a measure of the amount of solute in a given amount of solvent of solution.

Question 21

Define: molarity

Answer 21

the number of moles of solute in one liter of solution

Question 22

Mathematical formula for molarity

Answer 22

Molarity (M) = amount of solute (mol)/volume of solution (L [always 1.00L]}

Question 23

Define : molality

Answer 23

the concentration of a solution practice of a solution, expressed in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

Question 24

Mathmatical formula for molality

Answer 24

molality (m) = moles of solute/mass of solvent (kg [always 1l