Section 1 Flashcards
Define Chemistry
the scientific study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
Define Basic Research
Done for just the sake of finding out
Define technological development
applied research to improve the quality of life
Define matter
Matter is anything that takes up space
Define Mass
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter
define atom
the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element
define element
pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type element
define compound
a substance that can be broken down into simple stable substances. Each compound is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded.
what is the difference between extensive and intensive properties?
Extensive properties depend on the amount of matter that is present. An example is measuring the volume in a substance. Intensive property do not depend on the amount of matter present. An example is density
define physical property
Physical property is the characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
define physical change
the change in a subject that does not involve a change in that identity of the substance
define chemical property
chemical property relates to a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances.
define chemical change
when one or more substances are converted into different substances
define mixture
a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
define element
a substance that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler (different) substances by chemical means; all atoms of an element have the same atomic number
what similar properties do elements have of the same vertical column in the Periodic Table and what are they referred to as?
similar chemical properties; groups or families
what two main sections can the horizontal rows of elements in the Periodic Table be separated as, and what are they referred to as?
metals and nonmetals; periods
define metalloid
A metalloid is an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals (ex. Boron)
What are the elements of Group 18 called and why are they special?
They are noble gasses and are generally unreactive
