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History > Sect 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Sect 1 and 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

English exploration for Elizabeth

A

Humphrey Gilbert- Newfoundland and Walter Raleigh-Virginia

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1
Q

Elizabeth I (1558-1603)

A

Protestant Queen of England (25)

Daughter of Henry VIII

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2
Q

Philip II

A

Catholic King of Spain
Protestants who explore made Philip nervous
built an Armada

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3
Q

Frances Drake

A

Sea Dog
circumnavigation in 1580
Became honored by queen Elizabeth (Frances Drake) and fought a little in the Spanish Armada

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4
Q

How did England defeat the Spanish Armada?

A

Set fire to a few of their ships which separated the Armada and then fought them one by one (Protestant wind)
Storm at sea
1588

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5
Q

What did the defeat of the Spanish Armada allow England to do?

A

Explore without interference

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6
Q

What is the difference between a privateer and a pirate? Which one was Sir Frances Drake

A

They both raid ships, but a privateer has authorization from the government
Frances Drake was a privateer

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7
Q

Galleons

A

Heavy ships with square rigged sails and long, raised decks

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8
Q

John Hawkins

A

Naval commander under queen Elizabeth
Organized English fleet
134 ships-smaller than Spanish but had more ammunition

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9
Q

Henry of Navigator

A

Protestant prince that led the fight for Protestantism
Became king (Henry IV) and converted to Catholicism
Ended the war between Protestants and Catholics

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10
Q

John White

A

Led the second expedition (went with Walter Raleigh) to Roanoke Island
Went back to England to get supplies
Came back to Roanoke and found no one, only one word: CROATOAN
Went back to England

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11
Q

Virginia Dare

A

Granddaughter of John White

First European born in the Americas

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12
Q

Charters

A

The right to establish settlements in an area

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13
Q

Roanoke Island

A

Island off the coast of NC that Walter Raleigh traveled to

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14
Q

Joint-stock company

A

Investors buy stock, or part ownership in a company in return for a share of its future profits

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15
Q

The Virginia Company

A

Got a charter from England to settle in Virginia
They were also a joint-stock company
First sailed into Chesapeake Bay and up a river (called it James after King James)

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16
Q

Jamestown

A

First permanent English settlement in Virginia by the Virginia company (1607)
Named after their king
On a peninsula

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17
Q

Captain John Smith

A

27 years
An experienced explorer and soldier
Governor of Jamestown
Had strict rules

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18
Q

John Rolfe

A

Learned to grow a type of tobacco using seeds from the West Indies
Married Pocahontas

19
Q

Pocahontas

A

Daughter of Indian chief Powhatan

Married John Rolfe

20
Q

Burgesses

A

One of the two reps sent from each of the ten towns to attend an assembly and be a part of the House of Burgesses to make decisions for the local community

21
Q

Sir Humphrey Gilbert

A

Claimed Newfoundland for England

22
Q

Sir Walter Raleigh

A

Gets a charter and settles in the lost colony of Roanoke

Colony was a disaster after a year of no food, wars with natives, and a very cold winter

23
Q

What was the starving time?

A

It was a harsh winter
90% mortality rate
John Smith was injured
1609-1610

24
Q

Powhatan

A

The most powerful chief in Virginia
Daughter-Pocahontas
Traded corn until he didn’t want to anymore-then English took it by force
John smith held his brother at gunpoint

25
Q

What was important about 1619

A

90 women arrive (120 pounds of tobacco to marry a women)
House of Burgesses – 1st representative government
Black indentured servants/slaves arrive
1619

26
Q

What did the women do in Virginia?

A 
Hard work, made everything from scratch
Food
Clothes
Medicines     
Etc.
27
Q

Dissented

A

People who disagreed with the beliefs or practices of the Anglican Church.

28
Q

Persecuted

A

Treated harshly for believing something the church does not.

29
Q

Puritans

A

People who wanted to change, or reform the Anglican Church.

30
Q

Separatists

A

People who wanted to leave and set up their own Church.

31
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who made a journey to the new World for religious freedom.

32
Q

The Mayflower

A

Had many different people on it
First land spotted: Cape Cod (they decided to drop anchor there)sailed to north
William Bradford: their leader
1620

33
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

A document from the Pigrims that pledged their loyalty to England and their intention of forming a new colony

34
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Two Native Americans (Squanto was kidnapped, and knew English) who befriended the colonists (taught them how to grow crops and where to fish and hunt)(peace treaty)
Squanto betrayed them because he wanted to become sachem (chief)

35
Q

Massasoit

A

A Wampanoag leader who made a treaty with the Pilgrims in March 1621, and the two groups lived in peace.

36
Q

John Winthrop

A

Governer of Colony north of Plymoth
1630 he led 900 people to Massachusetts Bay
Settled in Boston

37
Q

Great Migration

A

When more than 15,000 Puritans migrated to America to escape religious persecution and economic hard times

38
Q

Thomas Hooker

A

Became dissatisfied with Winthrop and Massachusetts
Founded Hartford
Merged with Winsdor and Wethersfeild and created the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (first written constitution in Amerca)

39
Q

Roger Williams

A

A minister that believed that the government should not force people (persecution) to worship a certain way and that it was wrong to take land from Native Americans
Banished from Massachusetts and founded the town of Providence
Later received a charter and founded Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (everyone could worship freely)

40
Q

John Wheelwright

A

Founded the town of New Hampshire-which became independant later

41
Q

James I

A

King after Elizabeth

42
Q

Charles I

A 
Son of James I
Divine Right of Kings
Marriage to Catholic Princess!
Fought with Parliament (over taxes)
Hated puritans ---  leads to Migration & Civil War
43
Q

Parliament

A

England’s version of congress and House of Representatives

44
Q

What are push factors

A 
Reasons to leave 
~Jobless
~Debt
~Public Embarrassment (pillory)
~Charles I
45
Q

What are pull factors

A

Reasons to stay in new country

46
Q

The First Thanksgiving

A

Fall after successful harvest. Pilgrims and Indians have fun. 3 days.

History (18 decks)

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