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DIGESTIVO > Secretion and Digestion > Flashcards

Secretion and Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

Oral mucosa and esophagus epithelium

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinized

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2
Q

Which glands are part of the columnar epithelium

A

Unicellular glands

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3
Q

Mucous cells and goblet cells are

A

Unicellular glands

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4
Q

Endocrine glands secrete

A

Hormones

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5
Q

Location of exocrine glands

A

Submucosa

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6
Q

Exocrine glands secrete

A

Enzymes

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7
Q

Location of exocrine glands

A

Submucosa

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8
Q

Most glands in digestive tube are

A

Exocrine

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9
Q

Enzymes are generated as

A

Proenzymes

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10
Q

Main function of mucus

A

Protection
Buffer effect
Adherance

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11
Q

First process of secretion of glands

A

Nutrient entry through capillaries for protein synthesis

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12
Q

Second process of secretion of glands

A

Synthesis and folding in ER

Modification in golgi apparatus

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13
Q

Result of second step in secretion of glands

A

Zymogen granules

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14
Q

Stimuli for vesicle secretion in glands

A

Hormone arrival

Parasympathetic nervous system stimuli

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15
Q

Most alkaline secretion

A

Pancreatic secretion

Brunner glands

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16
Q

Most acidic secretion

A

Gastric secretion

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17
Q

2 types of salivary secretion

A

Serosa

Mucous

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18
Q

Origin of serosa secretion in saliva

A

Parotid, submaxilar, sublingual

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19
Q

Content of serosa secretion in saliva

A

A-amylase

Ptyalin

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20
Q

Function of serosa secretion in saliva

A

Breaking down starch

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21
Q

Origin of mucinous secretion in saliva

A

Buccal, submaxillar, sublingual

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22
Q

Content of mucinous secretion in saliva

A

Mucous

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23
Q

Function of mucinous secretion in saliva

A

Protection

24
Q

Content of saliva

K+, HCO3-, Na+, Cl-

A

High K+ and HCO3- due to high secretion

Low Na+ and Cl- due to high absorption

25
Q

Other contents of saliva

A

Thiocyanate ions
Lisozima
Ab

26
Q

Taste and touch tongue nerve

A

IX glossopharyngeal

VII facial nerve

27
Q

Path of glossopharyngeal and facial nerve path

A

Cerebral cortex –> hypothalamus –> salivary nuclei

28
Q

Path of efferent facial nerve VII

A

Submandibular ganglion –> submandibular and sublingual glands

29
Q

Path of efferent glossopharyngeal nerve IX

A

Octic ganglion –> parotid gland

30
Q

Parietal cells secrete

31
Q

Chief cells secrete

A

Pepsinogen

Which turns into pepsin under the right pH

32
Q

Stimulus of HCl secretion

A

Ach (parasympathetic nervous system)
Gastrin (from G cells)
Histamine (paracrine stimuli)

33
Q

What does Ach stimulate

A

Parietal cells to secrete more HCl

34
Q

Location of G and D cells

35
Q

Ach receptor

A

M3 muscarinic

36
Q

Gastrin receptor

A

CCRKI in chief cells

CCRK2 in parietal cells

37
Q

Histamin receptor

38
Q

Secretin receptor

39
Q

Somatostatin receptor

40
Q

CCK receptor

41
Q

Which decreases HCl secretion

A

Somatostatin

42
Q

Origin of PS-NS

A

Dorsal nucleus of vagus

Myenteric plexus

43
Q

Origin of gastrin

44
Q

Origin of secretin

45
Q

Origin of somatostatin

46
Q

Secretion in duodenum, gland name

A

Brunner glands

47
Q

Function of Brunner gland in duodenum

A

Secrete alkaline mucus for protection against HCl

48
Q

Stimuli of Brunner glands

A

Parasympathetic nervous system
Distension
Secretin

49
Q

Inhibition of Brunner cells in duodenum

A

Sympathetic nervous system

50
Q

Cells in small intestine for secretion

A

Lieberkuhn crypts cells: goblet cells and enterocytes

51
Q

Function of enterocytes

A

Secrete H2O and electrolytes + absorption of digestion products

52
Q

Location of Paneth cells

A

Base of crypts

53
Q

Function of Paneth cells

A

Antimicrobial defense

54
Q

Location of stem cells

A

Base of crypts

55
Q

Function of stem cells

A

Renewing epithelium

56
Q

Secretion in large intestine, which cells are there

A

Lieberkuhn cells but no villi

57
Q

What is absorbed in large intestine

A

Water, electrolytes, Vitamin B

DIGESTIVO (5 decks)

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