SECOND PRIORITY DZ Flashcards
blackleg is also called
clostridial myositis
causative agent of true blackleg
Clostridium chauvoei
causative agent of false blackleg
c. septicum and c. novyi
manifestation of true blackleg
hind quarter lesions: black quarter dz
manifestation of false black leg
malignant edema
animals affected with blackleg
sheep, cattle, buffaloes
in NZ, blackleg is more common in what animal than cattle
sheep
blackleg in cattle causes __ infection
endogenous
blackleg in cattle having High temperature is due to __
septicemia
vaccination for blackleg in sheep is used against __
enterotoxemia
route of infection for lambs,ewes, and rams in sheep for blackleg
L&E: birthing
Rams: fighting
first choice antibiotic for blackleg
penicillin
___ odor characterisitc for blackleg
butyric
signs of blackleg in buffaloes
crepitus and gas within muscles (due to anaerobic bacteria)
The primary source of reinfection of a herd with blackleg is
Animals dying of blackleg
vaccination for blackleg
polyvalent bacterin
species of anaplasma causing mild CS used in live vacc
a. centrale
CAs of bovine anaplasmosis
a. marginale
a. centrale
ticks transmitting anaplasmosis
dermacentor
rhipicephalus/ boophilus microplus
why jaundice happens?
inc destruction of RBC in spleen –> liver overwhelmed bilirubin
cattle breed more resistant to ticks
bos taurus indicus
Susceptibility to Tabanid (biting flies): Breeds with ____ coat
black or red
cattle breed with inherent resistance to ticks and even in flies
afrikaner
T/F Young calves are less susceptible to infection than older cattle to anaplasmosis
true
young develops immunity only in ___ areas
enzootic
Normal breakdown of RBCs
Dying or senescent RBCs -go to the __ → bilirubin → unconjugated bil + __ (wc caries bil to the liver)
- unconju cannot be excreted from the body (not soluble) so Needs to be conjugated wth___ in the liver –> Excreted via feces or kidneys (___)
Excessive bilirubin gets deposited to different tissues → yellowish coloration
Dying or senescent RBCs -go to the spleen → bilirubin → unconjugated bil + albumin (wc caries bil to the liver)
- unconju cannot be excreted from the body (not soluble)
Needs to be conjugated wth glucoronic acid in the liver
Excreted via feces or kidneys (urobilirubin)
Excessive bilirubin gets deposited to different tissues → yellowish coloration
Which disease does not cause affected cattle (hematuria, hemoglobinuria)
anaplasmosis
standard dx tool for anaplasma
serology
Used to detect small amounts of Anaplasma
nucleic probe analysis
causes gall sickness due to distended bladder
anaplasma
antibootics for intracellular dzs
oxytet
wy is there no hemoglobinuria in anaplasmosis
rbc already degraded
increases blood flow;
promotes treatment by promoting
parasitemia
estrogen
estradiol cypionate
there is good prognosis in anaplasma if PCV is
> 15%
transmission to splenectomized animals
anaplasmosis
babesiosis is also known as ___
redwater fever or cattle tick fever
agents of tick fever
Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina
ticks transmitting babesiosis
rhipicephalus/ boophilus microplus
the ___ temp, the higher activity of ticks
higher
State wherein clinical dx occurs rarely or not at all
endemic stability
Umbrella term for anaplasmosis and babesiosis
cattle tick fever
t.f complete elimination of ticks is practical
f. this provides natural exposure
babesioisis is disease only known as red water fever due to
hematuria hemoglobinuria
most common species of babesia
bigemina and bovis
Most impt species sa tropical na babesia
bigemina and bovis
major species of babesia in temperate regions
divergens
more impt species of babesia that causes neurologic signs
bovis
e.g. tick vector immunizes a majority of susceptible calves
endemic stability
CA of bovine TB
mycobacterium bovis
how do TB forms along GIT/
reswallowing of sputum
is drinking pasteurized infected tb milk safe?
yes
t.f TB is an acute contagious disease
f. chronic
TB can be sourced from cats and dogs
t
T/F TB is capable of reverse zoonosis
t
Tb mode of entry causing #1 mortality in animals
respiratory
TB pathogenesis:
Pathogenesis
Inhalation of bacilli
↓
Phagocytosed by ____
↓
___ reaction occurs (cytokines
released)
↓
Production of pus and cheesy exudate occur
(calcify)
↓
Encapsulation of lesions (granulation tissue and
fibrous capsule)
↓
___
Pathogenesis
Inhalation of bacilli
↓
Phagocytosed by alveolar macrophage
↓
Hypersensitivity reaction occurs (cytokines
released)
↓
Production of pus and cheesy exudate occur
(calcify)
↓
Encapsulation of lesions (granulation tissue and
fibrous capsule)
↓
Tubercle
color of intestine and carcass of cattle, buffalo, and other animals infected with TB
cattle - yellow
buffalo - white
others - grey
single intradermal test is red between __ and ___ hrs
48-96 hrs
type of sensitivity of SID
type 4 or delayed type
SID sensitiivty is observed in:
neck, specific to tail
rxn time for comparative intradermal test
72 hrs
vaccine used when incidence is high and test and slaughter programs are impossible for TB
Bacille Calmette Guerin
samples needed for confirmation of TB
LN, lung, granuloma,
