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Microbiology > Second class > Flashcards

Second class Flashcards

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1
Q

IS Staphylococcus Aureus Gram positive or Gram negative ?

A

Gram positive

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2
Q

What has a golden colored appearance that makes it resistant to antimicrobial properties of light/sun

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

What shape is Staphylococcus

A

Sphere

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4
Q

One of the properties of Staphylococcus aureus is that it can be Coagulase Positive, what does Coagulase Positive mean?

A

The plasma can coagulate, resulting in a clot.

or Clot forming

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5
Q

Boils are a type of abscess. What are some symproms?

A

Pus
Redness
Pain

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6
Q

The skin is which line of defense?

A

First

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7
Q

Scalded baby syndrome is caused by which bacteria?

A

Staphylococcus

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8
Q

Boils are hard to treat with antibiotics as it is unable to penetrate the walls of the abscess, what is the only other solution?

A

To drain it

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9
Q

How does a boil form?

A

When the skin gets torn and Staphylococcus gets in

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10
Q

A Carbuncle is a form of boils that form under the skin

T/F

A

True

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11
Q

What does SSSS stand for?

A

Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome

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12
Q

Who does SSSS effect?

A

Babies and very elderly

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13
Q

SSSS takes over what percentage of the body?

A

20-100%

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14
Q

How many types of Impetigo are there? and what are they?

A

2 types, Wet and Dry

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15
Q

What bacteria causes Scarlet fever?

A

Streptococcus

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16
Q

Scarlet fever presents with which type of tongue?
Yellow
Pale
or Strawberry speckled

A

Strawberry

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17
Q

This condition eats away the peripheral nerves, it also goes back to biblical times

A

Leprosy

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18
Q

What does the prefix MYCO mean? This is the bacteria mycobacterium leprae

A

Gooey, sticky or waxy

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19
Q

Mycobacteria can live for years just in dirt

T/F

A

True, Mycobacterium is associated with being like a tomato seed, you can try to squish it but it just keeps LIVING

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20
Q

Leprosy has only one form

T/F

A

F

There are two forms. Wet and dry

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21
Q

bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria responsible for what pathology

A

Lyme disease

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22
Q

Tetanus can cause rigidity of the _______

A

Muscles

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23
Q

Colstridium tetani, also known as ______ can be found in soil

A

Tetanus

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24
Q

Measles- Rubeloa, has this specific symptom

A

White specks in the mouth, also known as Koplik’s spots

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25
Q

Do shingles and Chickenpox share the same virus?

A

Yes

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26
Q

common name for Varoila Virus is?

A

Smallpox

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27
Q

This bacteria can penetrate a glove or condom

A

Syphilis

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28
Q

What are the physical looks of someone who has congenital syphilis

A 
Prominent brow
protruding mandible 
Deafness
Keratitis (eyes)
Hutchinsons teeth
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29
Q

Scaled baby syndrome is caused by Exotoxins called Exfoliants
T/F

A

True

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30
Q

If Staphylococci bacteria is left untreated it can spread to an organ and areas in the body and cause septicemia. What other areas can it travel to?

A

Kidneys, and spinal cord

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31
Q

What causes the “dried honey” appearance in Impetigo?

A

Staphylococcus aureus pyogenes

PYO meaning pus

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32
Q

Impetigo can be easily treated with what?

A

Penicillin & Teatree oil. It heals without scarring but pigment can be permanently lost

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33
Q

What does the prefix “Erythro” mean

A

Red

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34
Q

Where does Scarlet fever rash start?

A

Head/Neck

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35
Q

Is Trachoma ( Chlamydia ) Gram positive or Gram negative

A

Gram Negative

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36
Q

Are Lepromas the wet or dry form of Leprosy?

A

Wet

37
Q

Tuberculoid is the dry form of Leprosy where the digits fall off
T/F

A

True

38
Q

The Plague came from fleas biting infected rats, then the fleas biting the people
T/F

A

True

39
Q

What is a Vector?

A

A vector is a living thing that can transfer an infection to another living thing
Rat to flea to human

40
Q

Which type of measles can be deadly?

A

Rubeola is more dangerous

German measles if dangerous when you are with child

41
Q

How do Chicken pox spread?

A

Air

42
Q

What shape is the bacteria Clostridium?

A

Tennis Racket

43
Q

With measles, where does the rash begin?

A

On the face

44
Q

Should Aspirin be given with a virus?

A

No, it can cause encephalitis, pneumonia or Reyes disease

45
Q

Variola is also known as what skin infection?

A

Small pox

46
Q

Small pox is transmitted by the Respiratory route and moves to the skin Via the Bloodstream. T/F

A

T

47
Q

Fifths disease destroys cells where?

A

In the bone marrow that give rise to blood cells

48
Q

Slapped cheek rash is known as?

A

Fifths disease

49
Q

The medical name for Fifths is?

A

Erythema infectiosum

50
Q

Herpes simplex virus 1 can cause cold sores and fever blisters, can it be passed to the genitals?

A

Cold sores and fever blisters can be passed to the genitals through oral sex causing Genital warts

51
Q

How long does an outbreak of HHSV 1 last?

A

around 6-7 days

52
Q

HHSV 1 can travel to the Trigeminal nerve

T/F?

A

True

53
Q

You can have HHSV 1 on the fingers which will travel up the arm
T/F

A

True

You can have HHSV on the fingers which will hide in the nerves and travel up the arm, being very painfuk

54
Q

You can have HHSV 1 on the fingers which will travel up the arm
T/F

A

True

You can have HHSV on the fingers which will hide in the nerves and travel up the arm, being very painful

55
Q

HHSV 2 is found where?

A

Genitials

56
Q

HHSV can be passed through oral sex and become cold sores ( HHSV 1 & 2 trading places ) T/F

A

True

57
Q

Only 10 % of the population carries the Herpes virus

T/F

A

F

80% of the population carries the virus.

58
Q

HHSV 3 is passed through which route?

A

Respiratory

59
Q

Where is HHSV found in the body?

A

In the peripheral nerves, in the ganglion of the spinal cord

60
Q

What viruses arise with HHSV 3?

A

Chicken pox
Shingles
Smallpox

61
Q

What is Cystitus?

A

Inflammation of the Bladder

62
Q

What are some symptoms of Cystitus?

A 
Difficult urination
Small amounts
Painful
Smelly
Occurs during sexual activity
63
Q

What are the two types of Cystitus?

A

Dysuria and Pyuria

64
Q

What is ophthalmia neonatorum?

A

A serious form of conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria Gonorrhea

65
Q

What area is targeted by an Enterotoxin?

A

Intestines, this would cause food poisoning symptoms

66
Q

What is an example of an exfoliative toxin?

A

Scalded baby syndrome

67
Q

What Bacteria is Exfolative?

A

Staphylococci

68
Q

What region of the body would you normally find Viridans Streptococci

A

Orally,

69
Q

Which type of meningitis can be deadly?

A

Bacterial

70
Q

What is Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of the brain tissue caused by infection or autoimmune response

71
Q

How can Encephalitis be transmitted?

A

Insect bite, animal bites, ticks and other blood sucking DEVILS

72
Q

Do Prions have DNA or RNA?

A

They have neither

73
Q

Give an example of a Prion disease

A

Mad cow

74
Q

Prion diseases cause holes in the brain like a sponge.

T/F

A

True

75
Q

Definition of a Virus

A

A small living particle that can change cells and affect how the cells function

76
Q

Definition of a Viron

A

A complete Virus with its complete DNA or RNA core and protein coat as it exists outside the cell. Also called an “Infectious viral particle”

77
Q

Definition for a Viroid

A

Nucleic acid without protein coat. Small infectious agent of plants

78
Q

Definition of Prions

A

A disease - causing agent that is neither bacterial not fungal nor viral and contains no genetic materials

79
Q

Do viruses contain a protein coat?

A

Yes They contain a protein coat ( sometimes itself enclosed by an envelope of LIPIDS, proteins and carbohydrates ) That surrounds the nucleic acids - CAPSID

80
Q

What is a capsid?

A

It is a protein shell of a virus that encloses its genetic material

81
Q

Do viruses contain RNA or DNA

A

Could be either

82
Q

A virion is a complete, fully developed infectious particle

Composed of a nucleic acid and surrounded by a ________ ____

A

Protein coat

83
Q

How are viruses classified?

A

By their protein coats

84
Q

Nucleic Acid can have both DNA and RNA

T/F

A

F

Nucleic acid can only have either DNA or RNA

85
Q

Nucleic acid can only be single stranded

T/F

A

False

it can be single or double stranded

86
Q

Some Viruses have capsid covered by an envelope, Some envelopes are covered with spikes that are used for what?

A

To attach to other cells

87
Q

Non enveloped viruses - capsids are not covered by what?

A

An envelope

88
Q

What are the 4 types of viruses?

A

Microbiology (4 decks)

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