Sebastian and Hernandez Gill 2012 (contemporary) Flashcards
the phonological loops is present at what age according to the study?
3-4 years
subvocal rehearsal can be performed from what age according to the study?
7 or 8
storage capacity and speed of subvocal rehearsal experience an overall increase with age. true or false?
true
anglo-saxon digit span has been found to increase with age until when? why might results from the Spanish population differ?
15
language differences may affect the generalisation of the results
how many participants were in the study?
570
all participants were born in Spain. true or false?
True
what controls were in place?
- none of the participants had repeated any (school) year
- participants did not present with any hearing impairments or reading and writing difficulties or any other cognitive alterations
the digit span material consisted of what?
random sequences of digits read aloud by the experimenter at a rate of one per second
in what 2 ways were results analysed?
by developmental periods (i.e five different age groups, 5 years, 6-8, 9-11 etc) and by course (i.e thirteen school years)
5 year olds did not significantly differ from other age groups in terms of digit span. true or false?
false, they did differ.
the increase in one digit started at what age?
9 years old
digit span then rose smoothly until what age?
11 years old
digit span between 12-14 and 15-17 was similar. true or false?
true
digit span was lower in this study than that from the WISC IV data. true or false?
true
how many from each participant group were there in Sebastian and Hernandez Gill’s 2010 study?
25 healthy older
25 AD
9 fvFDT
healthy elderly had a significantly lower digit span than 5-6 year olds. true or false?
false, elderly had a higher digit span
the healthy elderly did not significantly differ from other age groups. true or false?
true
AD scored significantly higher than 5 year olds on the digit span test. true or false?
false, it was just higher
fvFTD patients was significantly higher than 5 and 6 year olds digit span. true or false?
false, it was similar.
how do these results differ to Gathercole and Alloway’s?
digit span continues to increase until age 17 in a Spanish population as opposed to 15
digit span is higher in the Spanish population than in the Anglo-Saxon. true or false?
false, its lower.
this difference is thought to be related to what?
word length effect (Badderley 1975)
summarise the word length effect
this effect has been related to subvocal rehearsal and recall processes. in the first case, it is understood that the greater the word length, the longer it takes to perform the rehearsal and, therefore, the easier it is to lose informationduring the rehearsal of a succession of long words.
results for this study differ from Anglo Saxon data at what age? why is this thought to be?
from age 7 and 8 onward.
due to the rise of subvocal rehearsal at these ages
other than word length effect what other stategies may impact on working memory span?
recoding or chunking, intercultural differences
there was a clear effect of age on working memory digit span in this study. true or false
true
there was a significant difference in digit span between healthy elderly, AD and fvFTD group. true or false
false, there was no significant difference
it can be concluded that the phonological loop is affected by age but not by dementias. true or false?
true
