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Question 2

What does oligomycin do

Answer 2

Oligomycin inhibits ATP synthase (complex V), and is injected first in the assay following basal measurements. It impacts or decreases electron flow through the ETC, resulting a reduction in mitochondrial respiration or OCR. This decrease in OCR is linked to cellular ATP production.

Question 3

What id FCCP

Answer 3

Carbonyl cyanide-4 (trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone
(FCCP) is an uncoupling agent that collapses the proton
gradient and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential. It
is the 2nd injection following Oligomycin. As a result, electron
flow through the ETC is uninhibited, and oxygen consumption
by complex IV reaches the maximum

Question 4

What dose Rotenone and antimycin A do

Answer 4

Rotenone, a complex I inhibitor, and antimycin A, a complex III inhibitor  this combination shuts down mitochondrial respiration and enables the calculation of nonmitochondrial respiration driven by processes outside the mitochondria..