sea Flashcards
what is a wave and how is it formed
The sea is constantly shaping the coast. Where is the road, transport and deposit material along the coast. Where is your form by wind moving across the surface of the sea. The distance of open sea of a which the wind blows is called fetch . Waves with great fetch are stronger. When Waze with shallow water, they break a move towards the shore
what is swash and backwash
when a wave breaks, the water that washes up the beach is known as the swash and the washer that we turned back down the beach is known as the backwash
what happens when the backwash is greater than the swashand vice a versa
if the swash is greater than the backwash, material is deposited on the wave is known as constructive wave. If the backwash is bigger than the swash, material is eroded and carried away. This is called a destructive wave
what is hydraulic action
The physical force of the waves break material of the coastline. Jenna storm, where is it stronger and there ability to road increases. E.g. processes this is the example of processes involved in erosion of the coast
what is abrasion
any loose materials e.g. rocks and sand is travelling by the way is against the coast. This action breaks of my material. This and examples of process involved in erosion of the coasts
what is compressed air
when raise crashed against the cliffs, Eric gets trapped in the cracks and joints on the cliff face and becomes compressed. When the raves retreat, the pressure is suddenly released. This poses a compression and police happens repeatedly until the rock eventually shatters eg of p involved in e the coast
what is solution
some rocks, such as limestone truck, I was over the water stop this is the process involved in erosion of the coast
what is attrition
The stones that are carried in the water are constantly hittingmoff eachother.Over time,they become worn down and smoth and rounded.This can eventualy led to the formation of sand.This is an example of ersion of the coast
what are bays and headlands
A bay is a curved area where the waves have eroded the coastline.A headland is an area of hard rock jutting into the sea.The coastline is made up of hard rock and soft rock.As the waves crash against the coastline,soft rock such as limestone is eroded faster than hard rock such as basalt.The process of hydraulic action,abrasion,compression and,sometimes,solution erode to form a bay.The harder rock stands stands out on either side of the bay to form headlands.
What is a sea cliff
A sea cliff is a vertical or steep slope on the coast.
Waves erode a notch at a line of weakness on the coast between high-water mark and the low-water mark.Over time,this notch grows larger due to the hydraulic action if the waves, and undercutting occurs.The rock above the notch is left without support and eventually collapses, forming a cliff
What are sea caves
A sea cave is a tunnel into a cliff,usually at the base.The hydraulic action pf the waves erode a week spot on the cliff face, creating an opening.Compression and abrasion make this opening wider and deeper until a cave is formed
What are sea arches
A sea arch is a arch-shaped tunnel that stretches through a headland.It can form when two caves develop back to back and eventually meet, or when continued erosion causes one cave to reach the other side of the headland.Hydraulic action ,compression and abrasion work here
What are sea stacks and stumps
a sea stack is a pillar of rock cut off by some cliff or headline and left standing on its own when an arch collapses.Over time the sea stack is eroded and collapses,leaving a stump.These stumps can be seen at low tide
What are blowholes
A blowhole is a passage that links the surface of the cliff top with the roof of a sea cave.When the waves crash into the cave, air is trapped and compressed inside the cave , causing rock in the roof of the cave to shatter.The rock eventually collapses, forming a blowhole.
What is longshore drift and what are the two steps
The material transported by waves, such as sand,shingle mud and eroded material is called the load.The movement of the load is called longshore drift
- Waves approach and move up the shore at an angle, matching the direction of the prevailing wind.When a wave breaks, the swash moves the load up the shore and deposits some material there .As the waves break at an angle material is moved along rather than up the shore
- The backwash carries material back down the shore.The movement follows the slope of the beach, and usually in a straight line.The process is repeated over and over,resulting in the gradual movement of material along the shore
