Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geography 🌎 1st year > River > Flashcards

River Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
U.S. Geography flashcards World Geography flashcards
1
Q

What is a source

A

the beginning of a river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a course

A

The route a river takes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a confluence

A

The point at which two rivers or streams join together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a tributary

A

A stream or smaller river that flows into a larger stream or river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the mouth of the river

A

The point where a river comes to its end, usually when entering the sea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a drainage basin

A

The area of land drained by a river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is watershed

A

The edge of highland surrounding a drainage basin.It marks the boundary between two drainage basins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a Estuary

A

The part of a river mouth that is tidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the three stages of a river

A

Upper or youthful stage,middle or mature stage and lower or older stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the river at the upper or youthful stage

A 
Steep, fast-following river
Little water
Lots of erosion 
Steep,V-shaped valley 
Narrow, shallow channel 
High bed load(larger rocks)
FEATURES:V-shaped valley,interlocking spurs,waterfalls
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the river at the middle or mature stage

A 
River starts to slow down 
More water
Still eroding 
Open, gently slopping valley with flood plain 
Wider deeper channel 
More suspended sediment 
FEATURES:meanders,oxbow lakes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the river at the lower or old stage

A 
Slow-moving water 
Much more water
Depositing here not eroding 
Open, gently slopping valley with flat and wide flood plain
Very wide and very deep channel 
High levels of suspended sediment 
FEATURES:Flood plains levees
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is erosion

A

The river water wears the landscape away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is transportation

A

The river carries the materials that it has eroded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is deposition

A

The river drops off material that it is carrying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is hydraulic action

A

The force of the moving water wears away the banks and bed of the river

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is abrasion

A

Small stones carried by the river wear away the banks and bed of the river

18
Q

What is attrition

A

The small stones in the river are worn down and broken up as they hit off each other

19
Q

What is solution

ps hydraulic action,abrasion,attrition and solution are methods of erosion

A

Rocks such as limestone, and soil are dissolved by acids in the water

20
Q

What is rolling

A

The larger rocks are rolled along the bed of the river.This process is known as traction

21
Q

What is bouncing

A

The smaller pebbles are bounced along he bed of the river.The process is known as saltation

22
Q

What is suspension

A

Light materials such as sand and slit float along the water

23
Q

What is solution

ps rolling,bouncing,suspension and solution are all methods of transportation

A

Materials dissolve in the water and are carried along be the rive r

24
Q

What is river deposition

A

Deposition can shape the land by leaving sediment in new places, making new land or adding to existing land

25
Q

What are the causes of river deposition

A
  • Reduction to the river’s speed.This can happen when a river enters a sea or a lake, or during a period of dry weather
  • Increase load size.This can happen when a tributary joins a river, or after a period of heavy rain fall
  • Reduction to rivers volume.This can happen during of dry weather
  • When the gradients levels off.This occurs when the river reaches fatter land
26
Q

What are V-shaped valleys

A

A V-shaped valley is a steep-sided valley in the shape of a V, down which the river flows from its source.It is shaped by vertical erosion:the river cuts down into the river bed making it deeper.This process is called hydraulic action.It creates an deep narrow valley.Mechanical weathering and mass movement also weathers down the sides f the valley, breaking down the rock and soil.The material that falls into the river is carried downstream.Examples of this are shown in the upper course of the river Liffey,the river Moy and driver Lee

27
Q

What are interlocking spurs

A

Interlocking spurs are areas of high ground that jut out at both sides of a V-shaped valley.As the river erodes the landscape in the upper course,It winds and bends around any areas of hard rocks it can not breakdown down.It still erodes vertically however.This process creates interlocking spurs which look a bit like interlocking parts of a zip.Examples are seen in the upper course of the river Barrow and The River Slaney

28
Q

What are waterfalls

A

A waterfall is a vertical drop in the course of a river in its youthful stage.When the river flows over the area of hard rock lies across a band of soft rock, the soft rock is eroded quicker than the more resident hard rock, creating a drop or vertical fall.This fall increases in size and the material it carries creates a plunge pool at the base.The plunge pool enlarges over time, and hydraulic action and abrasion cause undercutting of the waterfall.This is turn results in the creation of over hang.Pressure and the force of gravity eventually cause the overhang to collapse.This process repeats itself over time, making the waterfall retreat upstream

29
Q

What are meanders

A

Meanders are curves or bends in the river as it flows along its course it its mature stage.(mature side)

30
Q

What is an oxbow lake

A

An oxbow lake is a horse-shoe shaped lake that was formed when a meander was cut.When they neck of a meander becomes very tight, the river can break through.(mature stage)
formation-1.Made feom well developed meaneders
2.erosion takes place on the outer concave of the river and the neck of land between the two lands becomes narrower
3.During a flood the river may finnaly break through and continue straight ahead and vlose off the meander by depositing sediment on the edges of the meander
4.An oxbow scar is a dried up oxbow lake
eg of oxbow lake is the middle stage of the river liffey

31
Q

What are flood plains

A

A flood plain is a wide, flat area of land on either side of a river in its old stage.

32
Q

What is a levees

A

A levee is a build-up of alluvium on the banks of a river.Levees are caused by floods

33
Q

What is a delta

A

A delta is a triangular or fan-shaped area of land at the mouth the river where it enters the sea.Deltas are features of deposition found in the old stage of a river

34
Q

Under what circumstances might a delta form

A
  • The river must be transporting a large amount of sediment
  • The sea must have a small tidal range and weal current
  • The sea must be shallow at the river mouth
35
Q

What human interactions does rivers have

A

Transport,tourism,fishing,settlement,pollution,flooding and HEP

36
Q

What doe humans have to do with transport and rivers

A

Since the earliest settles came to Ireland, rivers have been used as a means of transport people and goods.

37
Q

What do humans have to do with tourism and rivers

A

Tourists use rivers for cruising and fishing

38
Q

What do humans have to do with fishing at rivers

A

Irish rivers are popular with anglers and many are famous for salmon fishing

39
Q

What do humans have to do with settlement and rivers

A

Many settlements develop along river banks as the location provides food water and transport

40
Q

What do humans have to do with pollution and rivers

A

Pollution comes from man made things such as slurry and industrial waste which run into or local rivers

41
Q

What do people have to do with flooding and rivers

A

Human interaction can be responsible for flooding.

42
Q

What do people have to do with HEP and rivers

A

HEP stations are often build using dams.The building can have both a positive and negative effect on the rivers.A dam is a large concrete wall built across a river to provide flooding

Geography 🌎 1st year (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions