SE PRACTICE Flashcards
Which of the following regions of the body is divided into the thigh, leg, ankle, and foot? A)Central B)Head C)Lower D)Upper
Lower
Which of the following types of tissues include cells of the immune system and of the blood? A)Connective B)Epithelial C)Muscle D)Neural
A
:
Connective tissue is found between other tissues all over the body, in all body systems, and provides supports, binds together, and protects tissues and organs in the body. Connective tissues consist of three main components: fibers, ground substance, and cells.
Which best describes homeostasis?
A)A functional system of the body
B)Blood flow to every cell in the body
C)A relatively constant environment within the body
D)Neural pathways that have integrated into the body
C
Which substance is plasma mostly composed of?
Water
Which blood group is a universal donor? A)A B)B C)AB D)O
D
Blood oxygen levels are most likely low when blood \_\_\_\_\_. A)eaves the aorta B)fills the right atrium C)reaches body tissues D)flows through arteries
B
Which of the following could be a result of the effects of aging on hormones? A)Poor sight B)Loss of strength C)Change in moods D)Fluctuating weight
B
An intracellular chemical signal can be produced in the cell membrane. Once it is produced, where does it go?
A)To a different cell
B)To another part of the same cell
C)To a region right outside the cell
D)To an area with a high ion concentration
B
After food has been masticated in the oral cavity, where does it go next? A)Colon B)Liver C)Pancreas D)Pharynx
D
The diffusion of nutrients through the walls of the digestive system is critical to homeostasis in the body. Where does the majority of this diffusion take place in the digestive system? A)Stomach B)Esophagus C)Oral cavity D)Small intestine
D
Carbohydrates are broken down into \_\_\_\_\_. A)fructose B)glucose C)lactose D)sucrose
B
During basal cell carcinoma, the epidermal cells in the stratum basale \_\_\_\_\_. A)invade the dermis B)form a waterproof layer C)undergo mitosis normally D)fill with a large amount of keratin
A
How many layers make up the epidermis? A)2 B)3 C)5 D)8
C
As soon as an invader, known as a(n) \_\_\_\_\_, enters the body, the body begins to fight. A)antibody B)pathogen C)trigger D)vaccination
B
Antibodies attach to invading pathogens, marking them for \_\_\_\_\_. A)destruction B)penetration C)reproduction D)transformation
A
Where is skeletal muscle found? A)Inside the heart B)Attached to bone C)Lining the walls of the bladder D)Within the gastrointestinal tract
B
Which describes the shape of a skeletal muscle cell? A)Branched B)Elongated C)Short D)Spindle
B
If a person smells something sweet, what form of information is this initially perceived as in the nervous system? A)Cognitive B)Integrative C)Motor D)Sensory
D
While hiking, a person is startled after encountering a bear. Her palms get sweaty and her heart starts racing. Which part of her nervous system was directly stimulated? A)Central B)Parasympathetic C)Somatic D)Sympathetic
D
Fertilization usually occurs in the \_\_\_\_\_. A)ovary B)vagina C)uterine wall D)Fallopian tube
D
Which of the following are included in the male reproductive system? A)the penis and epididymis B)the vas deferens and uterus C)the penis and Fallopian tubes D)the penis, scrotum, and cervix
A
Fertilization (the fusing of one sperm and an ovum) results in a(n) \_\_\_\_\_. A)embryo B)fetus C)infant D)zygote
D
Prior to sexual intercourse, the penis becomes erect _____.
A)by muscular action
B)when the vas deferens elongates
C)when sperm are produced in the testicles
D)when the corpus cavernosum fills with blood
D
What structure channels food to the esophagus and air to the trachea? A)Bronchiole B)Capillary C)Larynx D)Lung
C
A person is diagnosed as having acidosis, a condition in which the blood pH is below 7.45. What does the doctor most likely conclude?
A)Too much carbon dioxide is found in the blood.
B)Highly oxygenated blood circulates through the body.
C)A blockage prevents blood from leaving the pulmonary artery.
D)The nasal cavity has a difficult time clearing particles from the air.
A
What structure plays a role in air conduction? A)Alveolus B)Capillary C)Lung D)Trachea
D
How many bones are in the adult human body? A)200 B)206 C)250 D)270
B
What body system is the skeletal system most closely associated with when hematopoiesis happens? A)Urinary system B)Digestive system C)Muscular system D)Cardiovascular system
D
Which describes one function of the urinary system?
A)Reabsorb nitrogenous wastes
B)Osmoregulate blood and water
C)Push urine out of the body via the ureter
D)Secrete hormones from endocrine glands
B
Blood flows from the renal \_\_\_\_\_ into the kidney, where it is filtered. A)artery B)sac C)tube D)vein
A
The urinary tract is composed of the \_\_\_\_\_, ureter, and urethra. A)bladder B)glomerulus C)kidney D)nephron
A
What is the final structure through which urine must travel to empty out of the body? A)Bladder B)Kidney C)Ureter D)Urethra
D
Which sequence describes the hierarchy level of biological organization?
A)Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
B)Genus, class, kingdom, species, order, phylum, and family
C)Family, species, genus, order, kingdom, class, and phylum
D)Species, kingdom, genus, class, family, phylum, and order
A
Which example is part of the scientific method?
A)A student reads about a new way to harness energy from the sun.
B)A researcher studies the effects of car exhaust on how people breathe.
C)A researcher analyzes how many plants respond well to a new fertilizer.
D)A student discovers how insulin plays a role in the development of diabetes.
C
Why did it take many years for the cell theory to be developed?
A)Advancements in microscopy took place slowly.
B)Cells were difficult to isolate for experimental analysis.
C)Researchers believed a cell formed from preexisting cells.
D)Scientists already proved that cells were essential for life.
A
What organelle is only associated with plant cells? A)Cell wall B)Ribosome C)Cytoplasm D)Golgi apparatus
A
What phase is the cell cycle part of? A)Interphase B)Metaphase C)Prophase D)Telophase
A
What is the correct order of the stages of the cell cycle?
A)πΊ1,π,πΊ2,π
B)πΊ2,π,πΊ1,π
C)π,π,πΊ2,πΊ1
D)π,π,πΊ1,πΊ1
A
:
During interphase, the cell undergoes an initial gap phase called πΊ1 before its DNA is copied in the S phase. After the DNA is copied, the cell undergoes a second gap phase called πΊ2. Then, the cell is ready to enter the mitotic phase, during which it divides into daughter cells.
When would a cell most likely contain the most nucleotides?
A)π
B)πΊ1
C)π
D)πΊ2
B
:
A cell copies its DNA during the S phase, and nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA. Thus, the step preceding the S phase, the πΊ1 phase, is the phase of the cell cycle when the cell would contain the most nucleotides.
The sequence of amino acids in a gene determines
A)the primary structure of a codon.
B)the primary structure of a protein.
C)the primary structure of a nucleotide.
D)the primary structure of a nucleic acid.
B
Which statement best represents Mendelβs experiments with garden peas?
A)As a result, Mendel developed several theories that have since been disproved.
B)Mendel realized he was on an incorrect track, which led him to other experimental media.
C)As a result, Mendel developed foundational conclusions that are still valued and followed today.
D)Mendel collaborated with others interested in genetics to develop heredity guidelines we still use today.
D
Mendel discovered the pattern associated with \_\_\_\_\_after developing a series of rules in genetics. A)epigenetics B)heredity C)heterogeneity D)taxonomy
B
A student notices a pattern of stripes on five tigers. Each of the five tigers has the same stripe pattern. Using his inductive reasoning, what does he logically assume based on this information?
A)The pattern continues to change over time.
B)Natural adaptations cause this pattern to occur.
C)Each offspring will have the same stripe pattern.
D)Ancestors of the tigers have different stripe patterns.
C
A spoonful of sugar is added to a hot cup of tea. All the sugar dissolves. How can the resulting solution be described? A)Saturated and homogeneous B)Saturated and heterogeneous C)Unsaturated and homogeneous D)Unsaturated and heterogeneous
C
A researcher notices a positive correlation between the height of a plant and nutrient concentration over time. Based on this observation, what conclusion does he reach?
A)The height of a plant increases in the absence and presence of the nutrients.
B)When the amount of nutrients available to the plant decreases, its height increases.
C)The amount of nutrients available to a plant is independent of how tall the plant gets.
D)When the amount of nutrients available to the plant increases, its height also increases.
D
In the following single-replacement reaction, ______ replaces ______.
πΆπ2+2πππΌβ2πππΆπ+πΌ2
A)sodium, iodine
B)chlorine, iodine
C)chlorine, sodium
D)sodium, chlorine
B
What type of bond forms between nitrogen and oxygen, and why?
A)Ionic, because electrons are shared
B)Covalent, because electrons are shared
C)Ionic, because electrons are transferred
D)Covalent, because electrons are transferred
B
In which state of matter are the intermolecular forces between particles in a substance the strongest? A)Gas B)Liquid C)Plasma D)Solid
D
Which of the following atoms is a cation? A)14 protons, 14 neutrons, 18 electrons B)34 protons, 45 neutrons, 36 electrons C)35 protons, 44 neutrons, 35 electrons D)82 protons, 125 neutrons, 78 electrons
D
In which state of matter do the particles of iron have the lowest amount of cohesion?
A)Solid iron particles have the lowest amount of cohesion.
B)Liquid iron particles have the lowest amount of cohesion.
C)Gaseous iron particles have the lowest amount of cohesion.
D)The particles have the same amount of cohesion in all states of matter.
C
What type of reaction is described by the following equation?
πππ΅π2(ππ)+2πΎππ»(ππ)βππ(ππ»)2(π )+2πΎπ΅π(ππ)
A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single-Replacement
D)Double-Replacement
D
