SCs in skeletal regenerative medicine

Question 1

bone development

Answer 1

flat bones: intramembranous ossification - MSCs directly differentiate into osteocytes

long bones: intramembranous and enchochondral ossification

endochondral ossification: forms through intermediate cartilage template. MSCs differentiate into chondrocytes. chondrocytes hypertrophy, invasion blood vessels and progenitors

chondrocytes express T2 collagen
osteoblasts express T1 collagen

Question 2

mesenchymal stem cells

Answer 2

differentiate into different lineages MSK system L bone, cartilage, muscle, tendon, adipose tissue
supports bone marrow stroma to support haematopoeisis

identifying MSCs
- adhere to plastic in standard culture conditions
- phenotype: positive CD105, CD73, CD90
- in vitro differentiation: osteoblasts, adipocytes, chrondroblasts

Question 3

serial transplantation

Answer 3

demonstrate self renewal