Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam > Scoliosis > Flashcards

Scoliosis Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of idiopathic scoliosis (3)

A

Infantile 0-3years
Juvenile 4-9years
Adolescent 10+ years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis (5)

A

Left sided curves commonly seen
Boys>girls (3:2)
May resolve spontaneously with growth
Observation is treatment of choice with repeat evaluation every 4-6months
Use of orthoses and surgery not commonly required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis rib vertebra angle difference/rvad (2)

A

Significant

>20degrees poor prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Juvenile idiopathic scoliosis (7)

A

Onset 4-9years
Male:female ratio approx 1:1
Mostly right thoracic
May rapidly progress especially in children over the age of 5
May require orthotic management
Surgery indicated if curve cannot be controlled by orthotic means
Surgery in a skeletally immature spine brings its own problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (10)

A

-onset 10+years
-most common type
-mostly right sided
-equal frequency in boys and girls at low curve magnitudes
-girls have sig higher risk of progression (female: male ratio approx 7:1)
-highest risk for curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis occurs around puberty
(growth spurt)
-pulmonary and cardiac function not impeded with lumbar curves
-significant changes of pulmonary function seen when curve exceeds 70degrees
-pulmonary problems exacerbated by deformity of rib cage
-pulmonary and cardiac function tests may be required pre-operatively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

King 1 (4)

A

Lumbar dominant (10%)
S-shaped curve
Both thoracic and lumbar curves cross midline
Lumbar curve larger or more rigid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

King 2 (4)

A

Thoracic dominant (33%)
S-shaped curve
Both thoracic and lumbar curves cross midline
Thoracic curve larger or more rigid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

King 3 (3)

A

Thoracic (33%)
Thoracic curve
Lumbar curve does not cross midline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

King 4 (4)

A

Long thoracic (10%)
Long thoracic curve
L5 over sacrum
L4 tilted into curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

King 5 (4)

A 
Double thoracic (10%)
Double thoracic curve
T1 tilted into upper curve
Upper curve structural
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Presentation of idiopathic scoliosis (5)

A 
Uneven shoulders
Prominent shoulder blade (convex) or breast (concave) 
Uneven waist
Elevated hip
Leaning to one side
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Decompensated curve (1)

A

If centre of c7 is not directly above centre of s1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Adams forward bending test (1)

A

Rotational deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cervical curve (1)

A

Apex between c1 and c6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cervicothoracic curve (1)

A

Apex c7, c7 or t1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thoracic curve (1)

A

Apex between t2 and t11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Thoracolumbar curve (1)

A

Apex t12 or l1

18
Q

Lumbar curve (1)

A

Apex l2, l3 or l4

19
Q

Lumbosacral curve (1)

A

Apex l5 or s1

20
Q

Risser sign (4)

A

Ossification begins at the asis and progresses posteriorly
Iliac crest is divided into 4 quarters
Stage of maturity designated by the amount of progression
Riser sign 5= skeletal maturity

21
Q

Decompensated curve (1)

A

If centre of c7 is not directly above centre of s1

22
Q

Adams forward bending test (1)

A

Rotational deformity

23
Q

Cervical curve (1)

A

Apex between c1 and c6

24
Q

Cervicothoracic curve (1)

A

Apex c7, c7 or t1

25
Q

Thoracic curve (1)

A

Apex between t2 and t11

26
Q

Thoracolumbar curve (1)

A

Apex t12 or l1

27
Q

Lumbar curve (1)

A

Apex l2, l3 or l4

28
Q

Lumbosacral curve (1)

A

Apex l5 or s1

29
Q

Scoliosis bracing contradications (5)

A 
Skeletal maturity
Severe curve
Poor patient cooperation
Obesity
Thoracic lordosis/hypokyphosis
30
Q

Scoliosis orthotic treatment (4)

A

Milwaukee
Boston, cheneau
Charleston
Spine-cor

31
Q

Milwaukee brace (9)

A 
Curve size 20-45
Apex above t8
Growth remaining
Moulded pelvic girdle
Reduces lordosis
Anterior/posterior uprights
Neck ring
Throat mould
Corrective pads/straps
32
Q

Boston brace (4)

A

Moulded prefabricated modular orthosis
Reduces lordosis
Corrective pads
Relief areas for active correctiob

33
Q

Boston brace indications (3)

A

Apex below t8
Curve size 20-45
Growth remaining

34
Q

Cheneau orthosis (1)

A

Anterior opening

35
Q

Charleston side-bending brace (7)

A

Indications/contraindications as for boston brace
Night time brace
Maximal lateral trunk bending to convexity
Apex below t7
Improved compliance?; positive self image
Anterior opening
Retains muscle strength

36
Q

Spine cor

A
  • non-rigid dynamic brace
  • discreet under clothing
  • cooler and less restictive
  • resuced atrophy
37
Q

Surgery for scoliosis (6)

A

Posterior approach most common
-harrington
Instrumentation without fusion 80

38
Q

Harrington instrumentation (3)

A

Compression rod on convex side
Distraction rod on concave side
May be done with or without fusion

39
Q

Luque surgery (3)

A

Posterior approach
Segmental wiring
No need for postop bracing

40
Q

Anterior approach surgeries (3)

A

For more severe/rigid
-dwyer, zeilke
Comvibed approach for curves >80

Exam (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions