Scientific Revolution And Enlightenment Flashcards
Francis Bacon
1561-1626 inductive thinker who stressed experimentation in arriving at truth
Aristotelian-Ptolemaic cosmology
The geocentric view of the universe that prevailed from the fourth century B.C to the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and accorded with church teachings and scriptures
Nicolas Copernicus 1473- 1543
Polish astronomer who posited a heliocentric universe in place of a geocentric universe
Deism
The belief that god has created the universe and set it in motion to operate like clockwork. God is literally in the wings watching the show go on as humans forge their own destiny
Rene Descartes
1596-1650 deductive thinker whose famous saying cogito, ergo sum (I think, therefore i am) challenged the notion of truth as being derived from tradition and scriptures
Enlightenment
The intellectual revolution of the eighteenth century in which the philosophies stresses reason, natural law, and progress in their criticism if prevailing social injustices
Galileo
1564-1642 Italian scientist who formulated terrestrial laws and the modern law of inertia, he also provided evidence for the copernican hypothesis
Laissez- faire
The economic concept of the Scottish philosopher Adam Smith (1723-1790) in opposition to mercantilism, Smith urged governments to keep hands off the operation of the economy. He believed the role of government was analogous to the night watchman, guarding and protecting but not intervening in the operation of the economy, which must be left to run in accord with natural laws of supply and demand
Isaac Newton 1642-1727
English scientist who formulated the law of gravitation that posited a universe operating in accord with natural law
Philosophes
Social critics of the eighteenth century who subjected social institutions and practices to the test of reason
Royal society of London and French Academy of Sciences
Organized bodies for scientific study
Tabular rasa
Blank slate- John Locke
