Scientific Process - Experimental Design Flashcards
What are the 3 types of experimental design?
Independent Groups
Matched Pairs
Repeated Measures
What are order effects?
When the order in which the participants perform the conditions affect their performance
What are participant variables?
When the difference in results of conditions is due to different people doing it rather than the IV
What is counterbalancing?
When half the participants do conditions A first and B after and the other half do the other way around
What are independent groups?
When different participants are used in each of the conditions so the participants are independent from one another and are randomly allocated to the different groups
What are the pros and cons of independent groups?
No order effects
Low chance of demand characteristics
Same task/material can be used in both conditions as participants always new to the condition
More participants needed
Chance of participant variables
What is repeated measures?
When each participants is tested in all the conditions of the experiments
What are the pros and cons of repeated measures?
No participants variables
Less participants needed
Order effects likely to be seen
May have demand characteristics
Takes more time
What are matched pairs?
Different participants are used in all of the conditions however, the participants in the 2 groups are matched on characteristics important for that study
What are the pros and cons of matched pairs?
Less risk of order effects
Less risk of demand characteristics
Participants variable unlikely as they have been closely matched
Need a lot more participants
Making process is time-consuming
