Methodologies - Correlations Flashcards
Why are correlations used?
They allow us to analyse the strength and direction of the relationship between 2 variables
What are co-variables?
The 2 variables being investigated
What is positive correlation?
As one increases, so does the other
What is negative correlation?
As one increases, the other decreases
What is the value for no correlation?
0
What is the value for a strong negative correlation?
-1
What is the correlation for a strong positive correlation?
1
What is a curvilinear correlation?
Starts with positive correlation and switches to negative correlation
What are the advantages of correlations?
Allows for psychologists to establish of the relationship and measure it precisely
Predictions can be made once a correlation has been made
Allows researchers to investigate things that can’t be manipulated experimentally (ethical reasons)
What are the disadvantages of correlations?
Doesn’t show cause and effect
Correlation may be caused by a 3rd unknown variable
Doesn’t measure curvilinear relationships
What are the differences between correlations & experiments?
Experiments:
- Isolates & manipulate IV to see affect on DV
- Controls evironment and eliminates EV
- Establish cause & effect
Correlations:
- Looks for a relationship between 2 co-variables
- Can only predict a relationship as an EV may affect results
