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Biology Unit 3&4 > Scientific Methods > Flashcards

Scientific Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

Hypothesis

A

Possible explanation to a research question.
If x happens, then y will happen.

Link the IV and DV

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2
Q

Control Group

The Control

A

Group identical to experimental group, but without variable being tested for.

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3
Q

Independant Variable

A

Variable that is being tested for.

What is being changed in the experiment?

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4
Q

Dependant Variable

A

What is being measured when the independent variable changes

The effect of the IV on the DV

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5
Q

Aim

A

Statement describing in detail what will be investigated.

Connecting the IV and DV together

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6
Q

Raw Data

A

Data recorded directly into logbook

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7
Q

Processed Data

A

Data obtained by applying calculation/formula to raw data.

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8
Q

Nomial Data

A

Counted with no order.

Categorical

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9
Q

Ordinal Data

A

Counted with order.

Categorical

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10
Q

Discrete Data

A

Counted/measured, but only certain values.

No decimals

Numerical

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11
Q

Continuous Data

A

Can be any number within a given range that can be measured.

e.g. height

Numerical

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12
Q

Systematic Error

A

Consistent errors that occur every time measurement is taken.

Calibration issue

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13
Q

Selection Bias

A

When a sample is not representative of the entire population.

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14
Q

Measurement Bias

A

Result of instruments that are faulty or not calibrated

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15
Q

Random Error

A

Unpredictable variations that can occur with each measurement.

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16
Q

Accuracy

A

Ability to obtain the correct measurement by minimising systematic errors.

Close to the true value

17
Q

Precision

A

Ability to obtain the same measurement consistently by reducing random errors.

18
Q

Reliability

A

Ability to obtain the same results if the experiment is repeated by same experimenter and same equipment

19
Q

Validity

A

Whether experiment tests what it is supposed to test.

And how accurately it measures what is is suppose to measure

20
Q

Reproducibility

A

Have the same result by different experimenter and different equipment

21
Q

Personal
Error

A

include mistakes or miscalculations

Biology Unit 3&4 (5 decks)

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