scientific method Flashcards
first step
recognise a problem
second step
collecting relevant info
third step
make a hypothesis
fourth step
test a hypothesis, make prediction
fifth step
collect data
final step
make conclusion or new question
what is the independent variable
change
what is the dependent variable
measure
controlled variable?
keep same, at least 3
hypothesis
link independent to dependent using words like increase or decrease
what are the 2 types of data
qualitative and quantitative
what is qualitative data
abstract and categorised into types
what is quantitative data
data that is grouped into numbers
how to evaluate an experiment 3 tests …
- validity
- accuracy
- reliability
validity def
how accurately a method measures what it is intended to measure.
accuracy def
the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value.
reliability def
how consistently a method measures something. If the same result can be consistently achieved by using the same methods under the same circumstances
3 types of error
human, random, systematic
human error
due to carelessness or to the limitations of human ability
random error
Random error is a chance difference between the observed and true values of something (e.g., a researcher misreading a weighing scale records an incorrect measurement). can be corrected by doing it again
systematic error
gives measurements that are consistently different from the true value in nature, often due to limitations of either the instruments or the procedure. cannot be corrected by redoing
define ethics
moral principals and values
what alters an experiments results
bias, placebo
what is blind
mum & celyn
what is blind
participant doesnt know
what is double blind
participants and conductor dont know
