Science Yr09 Sum1 Flashcards
B1.1 What is meristem tissue?
Stem cells- undifferentiated plant cells
B1.2 Where is meristem tissue found?
Tips of roots and shoots
B1.3 Put these into order smallest to largest: oak tree, roots, root hair cell, root hair tissue, water transport system
Root hair cell, root hair tissue, roots, water transport system, oak tree.
B1.4 How are root hair cells adapted to their function?
Have long hairs to give a large surface area
B1.5 What is the function of xylem tissue and how are the cells adapted to their function?
Carry water and mineral around the plant, hollow cells forming tubes
B1.6 What is the function of phloem tissue and how are cells adapted to their function?
Carry sugars around the plant. Has sap which ca move between cells via pores at each end.
B1.7 What is transpiration?
Evaporation of water and loss through stomata of leaf
B1.8 List 4 factors that will affect transpiration rate.
Temperature, humidity, light intensity, air movement
B1.9 What is translocation?
The movement of suagrs around the plant in the phloem.
B1.1 Describe the function of palisade mesophyll
Photosynthesis
B1.11 Describe the function of guard cells
Open and close stomata
B1.1 What is an ecosystem?
The interaction of a community of living organisms with the non-living parts of their environment.
B1.2 What is a community?
All of the living organisms within a habitat
B1.3 List 3 things that animals compete for.
1) Food 2) Mates 3) Territory
B1.4 List 4 things that plants compete for.
1) Light 2) Space 3) Minerals (ions) 4) Water
B1.5 What is interdependence?
Where species depend on other species
B1.6 What is a stable community?
Where all the species and environmental factors are in balance so that population sizes remain fairly constant.
B1.7 What are abiotic factors?
Non-living factors
B1.8 What are biotic factors?
Living factors
B1.9 What are adaptations?
Any feature that allows an organism to survive in it’s habitat
B1.1 Name the three types of adaptation.
Structural, Functional and Behavioural
B1.11 What are extremophiles?
Organisms that live in extreme conditions
C1.1 Describe the nuclear model of an atom
Mostly empty space with the mass concentrated in a positively charged nucleus of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons orbiting in shells.
C1.2 State the relative charge on a proton, neutron and electron
Proton +1, Neutron 0, Electron -1
C1.3 State the relative mass of a proton, neutron and electron
Proton 1, Neutron 1, Electron Very small
C1.4 Define isotope
Atom of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
C1.5 Give the equation to calculate the number of neutrons in an atom
Number of neutrons = mass number - atomic number
C1.6 In what order were the subatomic particles discovered?
Electron then Proton then Neutron
C1.7 Describe the plum pudding model
Ball of positive charge containing negative electrons
C1.8 What did the alpha particle scattering experiment prove?
Atoms have a very small dense nucleus with a positive charge
C1.9 Describe the change that Bohr made to the nuclear model.
Electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances
C1.1 Which scientist’s experimental work proved that neutrons exist within the nucleus?
James Chadwick
C1.1 Define group in terms of the periodic table
A group is a column on the periodic table made up of elements with similar chemical properties
C1.2 State why elements in the same group have similar chemical properties
Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons on their outer shell
C1.3 What does the group number tell you in terms of electrons?
The number of electrons on the outer shell.
C1.4 Give the alternative names for groups 0, 1 and 7
Noble gases, Alkali metals and Halogens
C1.5 State why group 0 elements are unreactive
Group 0 elements have a full outer shell of electrons
C1.6 State the trend in the boiling points of the noble gases
Increases as you move down the group
C1.7 State the trend in the melting points of the group 1 metals
Decreases as you move down the group
C1.8 State the trend in the reactivity of the group 1 metals
Increases as you go down the group
C1.9 State the trend in the reactivity of the halogens
Decreases as you go down the group
C1.1 State the trend in melting and boiling points of the halogens
Increases as you move down the group
