Chemistry Y09 Spr1 Flashcards
1.1 State the percentages of nitrogen, oxygen and other gases in the atmosphere.
nitrogen 78%, oxygen 21%, other gases 1%
1.2 Name three greenhouse gases.
carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour
1.3 Name two ways human activity has increased the amount of methane in the atmosphere.
farming cows and growing rice
1.4 Describe how is crude oil formed from.
the remains of ancient biomass (mostly plankton) buried in mud for millions of years.
1.5 State the general formula for alkanes.
CnH2n+2
1.6 Name the first four alkanes.
methane, ethane, propane, butane
1.7 State the general formula for alkenes.
CnH2n
1.8 A process used to separate mixtures of substances with different boiling points
Fractional distillation
1.9 The process of breaking down a long hydrocarbon into smaller more useful hydrocarbons
cracking
1.1 State the conditions used for cracking.
high temperature and a catalyst
1.1 Describe the test and result for an alkene.
add bromine water, orange to colourless
1.2 In chemistry terms define a “pure” substance.
a substance made of a single element or compound
1.3 Describe the melting and boiling points of pure substances.
one specific temperature
1.4 Define formulation.
a complex mixture designed as a useful product
1.5 Chromatography….
is a process to separate the components of a mixture of liquids
1.6 To calculate Rf values
distance moved by spot divided by distance moved by solvent
1.7 Describe the test for hydrogen.
a lit splint, gives a squeaky pop
1.8 Describe the test for oxygen.
a glowing splint, will relight
1.9 Describe the test for carbon dioxide.
bubble through limewater, turns limewater cloudy
1.1 Describe the test for chlorine.
damp blue litmus paper, will bleach to white
