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Science - 1206 > Science weather dynamics 2 > Flashcards

Science weather dynamics 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What causes jet streams?

A

Temperature differences and the Coriolis effect.

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2
Q

How fast can jet streams go?

A

300 km/h or more.

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3
Q

Where do jet streams typically form?

A

From the equator towards the poles.

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4
Q

What is a weather front?

A

A meeting point of two different air masses.

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5
Q

What does warm air do at a front?

A

It rises and forms clouds

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6
Q

What causes ocean surface currents?

A

Wind and heat from the sun.

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7
Q

Which side of ocean basins have faster currents?

A

The western side.

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8
Q

Where is warm water found in the ocean?

A

Near the equator

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8
Q

How do currents move in different hemispheres?

A

Clockwise in the north, counterclockwise in the south.

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9
Q

What is the Gulf Stream?

A

warm ocean current that moves heat toward the North Pole.

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10
Q

How does the Gulf Stream affect temperatures in Canada?

A

makes eastern Canada warmer in winter.

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11
Q

What is the “conveyor belt” in the ocean?

A

movement of deep ocean water caused by temperature and salt differences.

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12
Q

What is weather forecasting?

A

Predicting future weather based on current data.

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13
Q

How do meteorologists measure air temperature?

A

thermometer.

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14
Q

What tool is used to measure rainfall/precipitation

A

Rain Gauge

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15
Q

How do we measure air pressure?

A

Barometer

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16
Q

What is relative humidity?

A

The amount of water vapor in the air.

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17
Q

How do meteorologists measure wind speed?

A

anemometer

18
Q

Which of Earth’s spheres are good heat sinks?

A

atmosphere and hydrosphere

19
Q

Which describes Earth’s energy budget?

A

Earth absorbs the same amount of energy from the Sun as it radiates back into space.

20
Q

The folklore related to the prediction of the weather

A

Weather lore

21
Q

What are the properties of an arctic air mass?

A

Cold and dry

22
Q

What does the Labrador Current bring to the waters off Newfoundland and Labrador?

A

Cold water from the north

23
Q

Which change of state requires a release of heat?

A

Liquid to gaz

24
Q

Which describes sublimation?

A

solid to a gas

25
Q

Which statement describes how Earth’s winds blow?

A

higher to lower pressure

26
Q

Which type of front forms when a cold air mass replaces a warm air mass?

A

cold front

27
Q

what is created when air mass cools over cold region ?

A

High pressure system

28
Q

cold dense air mass displace warm and forces it up :

A

Cold front

29
Q

How is atmospheric pressure measured?

A

barometer

29
Q

What instrument is used to measure relative humidity?

A

Hygrometer

30
Q

What is good visibility in terms of distance?

A

More than 10 km

31
Q

What is Doppler radar used for?

A

Measuring precipitation, wind speed, and direction

32
Q

What does GOES stand for?

A

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites

33
Q

What does a weather satellite use to detect precipitation?

A

Infrared or visible light

34
Q

Meeting two air masses with different characteristics :

A

A front

34
Q

What are the two types of weather satellites?

A

GOES and POES

34
Q

Shows the flow of water around earth

A

Water cycle

35
Q

Advancing warm air displaces cold air along warm front :

A

warm front

36
Q

occurs when two air masses meet but don’t move. This causes cloudy weather and rain

A

Stationary front

36
Q

2 ways Coriolis can effect currents :

A

The direction and gyros formations

37
Q

when a cold air mass overtakes a warm front, forcing the warm air to rise, leading to precipitation

A

Occluded front

38
Q

main function of weather radar :

A

Detect precipitation

Science - 1206 (3 decks)

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