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Science - 1206 > Ecology > Flashcards

Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

The study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

A

Ecology

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2
Q

A community of living organisms and their non-living environment interacting as a system.

A

Ecosystem

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3
Q

The ability to maintain resources or systems over the long term.

A

Sustainable

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4
Q

The variety of life forms within an ecosystem, biome, or planet.

A

Biodiversity

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5
Q

Non-living physical or chemical elements.

A

Abiotic

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6
Q

Living things

A

Biotic

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7
Q

A close and long-term biological interaction between two different species.

A

Symbiosis

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8
Q

An organism that hunts and eats other organisms for food.

A

Predator

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9
Q

Competition between different species for the same resources.

A

Interaspecific competition

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9
Q

An organism that is hunted and eaten by predators.

A

Prey

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10
Q

Competition within the same species for resources.

A

Intraspecific competition

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11
Q

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area.

A

Population

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12
Q

Rapid population increase under ideal environmental conditions.

A

Exponential Growth

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13
Q

A factor that limits the growth, abundance, or distribution of a population in an ecosystem.

A

Limiting Factors

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14
Q

Environmental factors that affect populations regardless of their density (e.g., weather).

A

Density-independant factor

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14
Q

Factors that impact a population based on its size (e.g., food availability, disease).

A

Density-dependant factor

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15
Q

The maximum population size an environment can support sustainably.

A

Carrying Capacity

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16
Q

The role and position an organism has in its environment.

A

Ecological Niche

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17
Q

Using resources in a way that meets present needs without compromising future availability.

A

Sustainable Use

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17
Q

The ability of an ecosystem to recover after disturbances.

A

Resilience

18
Q

An organism that eats only plants.

A

Herbivore

19
Q

An organism that eats only meat.

A

Carnivore

20
Q

An organism that eats both plants and animals.

A

Omnivore

21
Q

The process by which plants convert sunlight into energy using carbon dioxide and water.

A

Photosynthesis

22
Q

The process by which cells break down glucose to produce energy.

A

Cellular Respiration

23
Q

A step in the food chain or ecological pyramid, representing energy flow.

A

Trophic level

23
Q

An organism that creates its own food through photosynthesis (e.g., plants).

A

Producer

24
Q

An organism that eats other organisms for energy.

A

Consumer

25
Q

An organism that eats producers (e.g., herbivores).

A

Primary consumer

26
Q

An organism that eats primary consumers.

A

Secondary consumer

27
Q

Quaternary consumer

A

Teratary conumer

28
Q

An organism that breaks down dead matter into simpler substances (e.g., fungi, bacteria).

A

Decomposer

29
Q

A linear sequence of organisms through which energy flows.

A

Food chain

30
Q

A complex network of interlinked food chains.

A

Food web

31
Q

A large area characterized by specific climate, plants, and animals (ex: Rainforest)

A

Biome

32
Q

converting nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants.

A

Nitrogen fixation

33
Q

The conversion of ammonia into nitrates by bacteria.

A

Nitrification

34
Q

The conversion of nitrates back into nitrogen gas by bacteria.

A

Dentirfication

35
Q

An organism that produces its own food.

A

Autotroph

36
Q

An organism that relies on consuming other organisms for energy.

A

Hetatroph

37
Q

The process of incorporating nutrients into the body of an organism.

A

Assimilation

38
Q

A non-native species that spreads rapidly and disrupts ecosystems.

A

Invasive Species

39
Q

Bioaccumilation

A

The buildup of toxins in an organism over time.

40
Q

The increase in toxin concentration as it moves up the food chain.

A

Biomagnifcation

41
Q

Temporary environmental factors that disrupt ecosystems (e.g., storms, droughts).

A

Short-term stressors

42
Q

Persistent environmental pressures that affect ecosystems (e.g., climate change).

A

Long-term stressors

43
Q

The cycles of matter and nutrients through ecosystems (e.g., carbon, nitrogen cycles).

A

Biochemical cycles

44
Q

A typical example or pattern of something

A

Paradigm

45
Q

change in approach or underlying assumptions.

A

Paradigm shift

Science - 1206 (5 decks)

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