Science Unit E Flashcards
What are Waves?
Waves are changes in patterns that move along the water’s surface
How do waves affect the shoreline?
The waves crash on the shoreline and damage the shoreline
What are tides?
The change in the level
What is the main cause of tides?
The cause of tides is the Gravitational Force of the Moon
What is Climate?
The average of weather measured over a long period of time
What are currents? and how are they caused?
Streams of water that move within a larger body of water Caused by: - Wind - Temp diff in water' - Salinity diff in water - Earth's rotation
What is diversity?
An ecosystem refers to the variety of diff kinds of species living their
Intertidal Zone
Animals and plants that live along the shoreline of the ocean have to be able to withstand the pounding of waves
Estuary
One of the most diverse and richest ecosystem
Continental shelf
A shelf of land that extends out from the edge of a continent below the oceans
What is a watershed?
All the area of land that drains into one main lake or river
What are Stream Characteristics?
includes the rate of water flow and the slope of the stream’s bed
What is a continental divide?
A high land such as mountains or hills
What are drumlins?
Small hills with a distinctive teardrop shape
What are Eskers?
form when part of the glaciers melt
What are glaciers?
Large bodies of ice. covers vast areas of lands are called icecaps
Mid-Ocean Ridges
from where molten rocks push up from the interior of the earth
Seamounts
underwater volcanoes
Trenches
from where 2 plates are moving toward eachother
Volcanic Islands
Formed by volcanoes that grow all the way up
Continental shelves
a shallow area around the edges of the continents
What is erosion
caused because of chemical weathering
What is erosion
caused because of chemical weathering
sediments
transporting rock fragments and soil
Salinity
The amounts of salt dissolved in water
Distilation
the solution is boiled so that the water evaporates and leaves the salt
reverse osmosis
operates by forcing salt water through a filter or a membrane with holes to small for the salt to pass
water in the atmosphere
0.0009%
Freshwater
3%
saltwater
97%
ice
77%
groundwater
22%
lakes, rivers and wetlands
1%
Adaption
physical characteristic or behavior of species
Population
group of organisms of the same species that live in a particular area.
Agriculture
73% of agriculture is used
Power stations
sometimes discharge warm water into lakes or rivers that can kill some animals and encourage excessively plant growth
Factories
might add dangerous chemicals to the water or practice thermal pollution, killing aquatic plants or animals
Runoff
from farmland contains fertilizers that can cause excessive plant growth.
Run - off
from city streets contains large amounts of oil and other chemicals, including salt.
Habitat Destruction
takes away the places that animals can live and plants can grow.
sewage
contains large amounts of nitrogen, which causes the number of micro-organisms to increase. If these micro-organisms use up the oxygen, fish will suffocate.
sewage
contains large amounts of nitrogen, which causes the number of micro-organisms to increase. If these micro-organisms use up the oxygen, fish will suffocate.
Oil Spills
from ships can harm animals in, on, and near the water
Monitor
Means to observe something for a purpose
