Science Unit 7 Lesson 6 Flashcards
What is physical water scarcity?
When there is limited access to water supply.
Over 1.2 billion people worldwide have limited access to water supplies, which is a problem known as …..
physical water scarcity
Even more people live in areas with a lack of money and resources to use existing sources of water, which is a problem known as……
economic water scarcity
What is the definition of economic water scarcity?
When there is a lack of money and resources to utilize adequate sources of water
What is the definition of water privatization?
When private companies buy or operate public water utilities
And 50 percent of the world’s hospital patients are suffering from a what related disease.
water related disease
In Pará, Brazil, hydroelectric dams brought construction jobs and wider access to electricity, but they also displaced people from their homes. What are other effects of this?
Brazil experienced heavy deforestation. Trees were destroyed along with many animals’ habitats.
Cape Town, South Africa, is experiencing a water shortage. Residents can only use 13 gallons of water per day. Why is there a water shortage?
Drought has decreased its water supplies while a growing population has increased demand.
Water is expensive. To save money, Berlin hired private water companies for water management. What was the result?
Higher water prices and lower water quality.
Scientists discovered that water harbors what?
Scientists have discovered that water harbors harmful bacteria and fungicides used for farming. Unsafe water means that people have to drill deeper into aquifers to find clean water.
What caused dam construction?
Many people need electricity and construction jobs. However, this project means that other people will need to leave their homes. The needs of forests and local wildlife will be affected.
What caused unban water shortage?
Urban residents need water for personal use. Farmers need water for agriculture.
What caused the water privatization debate?
Residents need clean, affordable water. City governments need to save money and to ensure citizens have water. Companies need to make a profit.
What caused surface water pollution?
People need clean water for drinking and for personal use. Companies need water for industrial use.
What caused the Nile River Basin Controversy?
Residents of Egypt need steady access to water from the Nile for agriculture, industry, and personal use. Residents of Ethiopia need access to electricity and steady access to water for agriculture.
What is Solar-powered filtration?
Reverse osmosis is an effective way to remove contaminants like lead and bacteria from water. However, this process requires a great deal of energy. Engineers have developed filtration systems that run on power from solar panels.
Artificial groundwater recharge:
Rainwater and melted ice naturally seep through the soil to replenishaquifers. However, groundwater from aquifers is often used too quickly, or water cannot reach the aquifer due to paving and development. Clean water is injected into the aquifer or is collected in an infiltration basin so it can slowly sink into the aquifer.
Tippy tap:
Not all technological solutions are high tech! A tippy tap is built by hanging a container of water outside. People use a handle or foot pedal to tip water from the container for handwashing. The tippy tap helps improve sanitation in areas that lack plumbing
According to UNESCO, __ percent of wastewater is not treated to make it safe for people to use.
80
What could happen if humans use untreated water?
Untreated water can cause a number of diseases, from diarrhea to typhoid.
Worldwide, 2.3 billion people do not have access to a toilet or an improved latrine. How does this affect water supplies?
In these cases, human waste can contaminate water resources. When people use this water for drinking or cooking, they can become ill.
How does clean water relate to improvement in education?
Cleaner water means fewer water- borne illnesses. Children are less likely to miss school due to illness, and they are also less likely to need to stay home from school to care for ill family members. In many areas, women and girls are responsible for fetching water, sometimes from several miles away. With improved water access, the hours that would be spent walking to fetch water can be spent on schoolwork instead. Furthermore, when schools have safe latrines and toilets, teenage girls are more likely to stay in school.
