Science test- Planets

Question 1

Nebula

Answer 1

A giant cloud of gas and dust (elements ). Over time, gravity, (maybe added by a far-off supernova) collapses down the huge cloud.

Question 2

Acceleration

Answer 2

gravity pulls everything into a similar shape, a huge mass in the middle and matter spinning in a disk around it. The protostar starts getting denser and heating up. While chunks in the outer start clumping together and growing bigger and bigger.

Question 3

Ignition

Answer 3

once the protostar reaches the ignition point the star turns on and begins to fuse. This unstable start pushes hard on the material in the inner solar system and pushes the lighter elements to the outer solar system (beyond the. Frost line). Leaving only rocky material in the inner solar system.

Question 4

Planet demolition derby

Answer 4

with the star entering stable fusion the stuff rotating around it starts to get bigger and bigger. Collisions happen repeatedly with the objects either growing bigger or being destroyed.

Question 5

Stable

Answer 5

After a long while all collisions that would happen do and more and more stable objects are left behind.

Question 6

Galaxies

Answer 6

a giant collection of stars, nebula, and other stuff. Ours is called the milky way.
We are not 100% sure how galaxies form but over time they grow larger and larger. Colliding and combining because of gravity pulling them together.

Question 7

Black hole

Answer 7

a super dense area of space with immense gravity. So much gravity that nothing can escape its gravitational pull including light.

Question 8

Evidence for big bang

Answer 8

Hubble saw other galaxies and that they were moving away from us. (like a balloon expanding)

Question 9

Look back time

Answer 9

When we see stuff that is far away we see it as it was when the light left a long time ago.

Question 10

Composition of the universe

Answer 10

the younger we see a galaxy the more hydrogen we see. The older we see it the heavier elements we see.

Question 11

Cmbr

Answer 11

Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation- light from the big bang taking a very long time to reach us. 1st light In the universe.

Question 12

Doppler effect

Answer 12

waves change depending on movement. Since galaxies are moving away they are red-shifted.

Question 13

Dark matter

Answer 13

Unknown sourced of gravity in galaxies

Question 14

Dark energy

Answer 14

unknown reason galaxies are moving away faster and faster.

Question 15

Timeline of galaxies

Answer 15

Big bang—- universe gets bigger—- atoms and elements forms—– stars form— galaxies form –today

Question 16

Big rip

Answer 16

Dark energy wins and the universe expands so fast stuff is ripped apart.

Question 17

Big freeze

Answer 17

heat death) The universe runs out of fusible elements for stars and no new stars are made.

Question 18

Big crunch

Answer 18

Gravity wins and pulls everything back into itself. The universe is crushed back down.