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Science > Science Test 5 > Flashcards

Science Test 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Nutrient

A

Chemical in your food we need to survive

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2
Q

What are carbohydrates?

A

They are sugars and starches

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3
Q

How do cells use carbohydrates?

A

They use it for energy

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of carbohydrates?

A

They are mostly elements, CHO, they are polar, and the ratio is 2:1 H:O

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5
Q

Define/Identify Monosaccharides

A

They only have one ring

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6
Q

What are examples of monosaccharides?

A

glucose and fructose

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7
Q

Define/Identify Disaccharides

A

They have two rings

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8
Q

What are some examples of disaccharides?

A

Sucrose and Lactose

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9
Q

Define/Identify Polysaccharides

A

They have 10 or more rings

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10
Q

What are some examples of polysaccharides?

A

starch and cellulose

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11
Q

How do monosaccharides bond to form disaccharides and polysaccharides?

A

They remove water (H2O)

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12
Q

What foods contain Carbohydrates?

A

Foods made from plants (Bread and Fruits) (BTW this is a matching question I believe)

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13
Q

How do you test for sugars?

A

Use Benedict solution

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14
Q

How do you test for starches?

A

Iodine

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15
Q

What are lipids?

A

Fats, Oils, and Waxes

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16
Q

How do cells use lipids?

A

energy storage, cushions organs, insolation.

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of a lipid?

A

Made of elements, CHO, they are non-polar

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18
Q

What makes up a fat molecule and how do they bond?

A

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids/ Remove 3 water molecules

19
Q

What are characteristics of saturated fats?

A

Made from animals, and solid at room temperature, Called fats

20
Q

What are characteristics of unsaturated fats?

A

Made from plants, and liquid at room temperature, Called oils

21
Q

What leads to high blood cholesterol?

A

Saturated Fats

22
Q

What foods contain lipids?

A

Butter….

23
Q

How do you test for lipids?

A

Put the food on a piece of paper and see if itʻs transparent

24
Q

How do cells use protein?

A

To grow, Help your muscles, repair tissue

25
Q

What are characteristics of proteins?

A

elements, CHON enzymes, 3rd source of energy

26
Q

What makes up a protein molecule and how do they bond?

A

They are made of amino acids bonded together/ by removing H2O

27
Q

What determines a protein type?

A

The order of amino acids

28
Q

What foods contain protein?

A

Fish and animal products, peanuts, nuts, beans

29
Q

How do you test for proteins?

A

Biuret Solution

30
Q

Define Vitamins

A

Coenzymes and compounds made by living things

31
Q

What are Enzymes?

A

Catalysts

32
Q

What is the difference between fat soluble and water soluble vitamins?

A

Fat= Non-polar
Water=Polar

33
Q

What is some examples of fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins A,D,E,K

34
Q

What is some examples of water-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamins B and C

35
Q

Can fat soluble vitamins be stored in the body?

A

Yes (In Body Tissue)

36
Q

Can water soluble vitamins be stored in the body?

A

No (Cannot be stored because dissolves in water)

37
Q

Define Mineral

A

inorganic elements that you need

38
Q

What are some examples of minerals?

A

Calcium, Iron, ect

39
Q

What are the functions of water in the human body?

A

MOST CHEMICAL REACTION REQUIRE WATER!!!

40
Q

What percent of the human body is water?

A

70% for the test (More like 66%)

41
Q

Define Calorie

A

A unit of energy in food

42
Q

How do you calculate calories?

A

of cal = #gallons (times) # degrees celsius

43
Q

What are the four basic food groups

A

Fruit Vegetable, Grain, Meat, Milk

44
Q

What are the main nutrients supplied in each of those four basic food groups.

A

???????? What is this???????

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