Science Test 4

Question 1

Define Chemical Reactions

Answer 1

When substances react to form new substances
Chemical bonds are Made/Broken
Atoms are rearranged to form something new

Question 2

3CO2 + 3H2O ——> C3H6O3 + 3O2

In this chemical equation, what do call 3CO2 + 3H2O?

Answer 2

The Reactants

Question 3

3CO2 + 3H2O ——> C3H6O3 + 3O2

In this chemical equation, what do call C3H6O3 + 3O2?

Answer 3

The Product

Question 4

3CO2 + 3H2O ——> C3H6O3 + 3O2

In this chemical equation, what do call the arrow?

Answer 4

Yield

Question 5

Define an endothermic reaction

Answer 5

An endothermic reaction absorbs heat

Question 6

Define an exothermic reaction

Answer 6

An exothermic reaction releases heat

Question 7

What are the 4 basic types of chemical reactions?

Answer 7

Synthesis
Decomposition
Single Replacement
Double Replacement

Question 8

Define Synthesis

Answer 8

When two or more substances combine to form a more complex substance

Question 9

Define Decomposition

Answer 9

A complex substance (compound) is broken down into two or more simpler substances

Question 10

Define Single Replacement

Answer 10

Where an element replaces another element in a compound

Question 11

Define Double Replacement

Answer 11

where compounds react to form two new compounds

Question 12

Balance this chemical equation and define what reaction is occurring:
_S8 + _O2 –> _SO3

Answer 12

S8 + 12O2 –> 8SO3
Synthesis

Question 13

Balance this chemical equation and define what reaction is occurring:
_Al + _FeO –> _Al2O3 + _Fe

Answer 13

2Al + 3FeO –> Al2O3 + 3Fe
Single Replacement

Question 14

Balance this chemical equation and define what reaction is occurring:
_C10H16 + _Cl2 –> _C + _HCl

Answer 14

C10H16 + 8Cl2 –> 10C + 16HCl
Single replacement

Question 15

Define Coefficient

Answer 15

Number used to balance an equation, which shows that the number of atoms of each element is the same on each side of the equation.

Question 16

Define Catalyst

Answer 16

Anything that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up.

Question 17

Define Mixture

Answer 17

When substances are added together but there is no chemical reaction

Question 18

Define Solution

Answer 18

A type of mixture with molecules of both substances

Question 19

What are some examples of mixtures?

Answer 19

Garlic Salt, Salty water, Sugar water, sand, trail mix

Question 20

In a solution, what does the dissolving?

Answer 20

The Solvent

Question 21

In a solution, what gets dissolved?

Answer 21

The Solute

Question 22

Define Solvent

Answer 22

The part of the solution that is present in a larger amount

Question 23

Define Solute

Answer 23

The part of the solution that is present in a smaller amount

Question 24

Define Soluble

Answer 24

A substance that is able to dissolve in a solvent

Question 25

Define Insoluble

Answer 25

A substance that is not able to dissolve in a solvent

Question 26

What is the rule that defines if something gets dissolved?

Answer 26

Polar dissolves polar

Question 27

Define Polar Molecule

Answer 27

A molecule with an unbalanced charge distribution

Question 28

Is water polar?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What happens to molecules that are polar when they are put in water and why?

Answer 29

They dissolve because water is polar and polar dissolves polar

Question 30

What are some characteristics of an acid?

Answer 30

It produces positive hydrogen ions (H+) in water, they have a sour taste, and the ph is less than 7

Question 31

What are some examples of acids?

Answer 31

HCl, Most Fruit, Shampoos, Vinegar, Soda

Question 32

What are some characteristics of a base?

Answer 32

A Substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in water, They have a bitter taste, and their ph is more than 7

Question 33

What are some examples of bases?

Answer 33

NaOH, Soaps, Ammonia, Baking Soda

Question 34

What is a neutral solution?

Answer 34

Something that isnʻt an acid or a base

Question 35

Define Neutralization Reaction

Answer 35

a chemical reaction in which the same amounts of an acid and base a react together to form a salt and water as products

Question 36

What are the reactants of a neutralization reaction?

Answer 36

The same amounts of an acid and a base

Question 37

What is the product of a neutralization reaction?

Answer 37

Salt and water

Question 38

Define Antacid

Answer 38

Medicine used to neutralize acids

Question 39

What would be considered a base on the ph scale?

Answer 39

Anything above seven

Question 40

What would be considered an acid on the ph scale?

Answer 40

Anything below seven

Question 41

What would be considered something neutral on the ph scale?

Answer 41

7

Question 42

What is an indicator?

Answer 42

Spechial chemicals that can determine if a substance is an acid, a base, or niether . Indicators usually react with the acid or the base to form a slightly different chemical with a different color.

Question 43

What are the three acid/base indicators?

Answer 43

Litmus paper, Phenolphthalein, and Bromthymol Blue

Question 44

What color does litmus paper turn when it is put in an acid?

Answer 44

Red

Question 45

What color does litmus paper turn when it is put in a base?

Answer 45

Blue

Question 46

What color does phenolphthalein turn when it is put in an acid?

Answer 46

clear

Question 47

What color does phenolphthalein turn when it is put in a base?

Answer 47

Pink

Question 48

What color does phenolphthalein turn when it is put in a neutral solution?

Answer 48

clear

Question 49

What color does Bromthymol Blue turn when it is put in an acid?

Answer 49

yellow

Question 50

What color does Bromthymol Blue turn when it is put in a base?

Answer 50

blue

Question 51

What color does Bromthymol Blue turn when it is put in a neutral solution?

Answer 51

green