Science Test 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Matter

A

Matter is anything with a mass and a volume

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2
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid, Liquid Gas

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of a solid? (2)

A

Definite volume and shape / particles “run in place” so it holds it’s shape.

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4
Q

What are the characteristics of a liquid? (2)

A

Definite volume but no definite shape / particles move over and around each other freely, allowing the liquid to flow

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of a gas? (2)

A

No definite volume or shape / Particles move freely around and are not held close together

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6
Q

What is the kinetic theory of matter?

A

The Atoms/ Molecules that make up matter are in constant motion.

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7
Q

What determines the state of matter?

A

Temperature

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8
Q

Define thermal expansion

A

Matter extends as it gets hotter, and it contracts when it is cooled

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9
Q

What is an atom?

A

An atom is the particles that make up matter

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10
Q

What is an element?

A

Matter made up of only one kind of atom

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11
Q

What is a compound?

A

Matter made up of more then 1 kind of atom chemically combined or 2 or more elements chemically combined

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12
Q

Is Co an element or a compound and why

A

It is an element because there is only one capital letter

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13
Q

Is CO an element or a compound and why

A

It is a compound because there is more than one capital letter

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14
Q

Is H an element or a compound and why

A

It is an element because there is only one capital letter

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15
Q

What kind of charge does a proton give

A

postive charge

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16
Q

What kind of charge does a neutron give

A

neutral charge

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17
Q

What kind of charge does a electron give

A

negative charge

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18
Q

where are the protons located on an atom

A

nucleus

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19
Q

where are the neutrons located on an atom?

A

nucleus

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20
Q

where are the electrons located on an atom?

A

electron cloud

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21
Q

What is the unit for protons, neutrons, and electrons?

A

Amu (atomic mass unit)

22
Q

What are the masses of proton, neutrons, and electrons?

A

P = 1 amu
N = 1 amu
E = 1/2000 amu

23
Q

What is an atomic number?

A

an atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

24
Q

What is the atomic mass?

A

the atomic mass is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

25
Q

What are valence electrons?

A

Valence electrons are the electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom

26
Q

The number of electrons equals the number of

A

protons

27
Q

Where is most of the mass in an atom located?

A

in the nucleus

28
Q

How many electrons can the first energy level hold?

A

2 electrons

29
Q

How many electrons can the second energy level hold?

A

8 electrons

30
Q

What is an isotope?

A

an isotope is different forms of an element. (Same number of protons but different number of neutrons)

31
Q

Draw a neon atom if the atomic number is 10, the atomic mass number is 20, it is in the second row on the periodic table, and it has eight valence electrons

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1WuvZm_-TSH6EIwSkrQNVtOtRkdzMFico0WG60g5QY8o/edit#slide=id.p

A

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Qjajw6yYhwN5MQXtF0xC6LZJeAyyvnyvUJY5ik83joQ/edit#slide=id.p

32
Q

What does the dot diagram look like for silver if the symbol is Ag and the amount of valence electrons is 1

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1sYJQPjd7JjGmYgqqJM8j9jKPfXQ-C-R5lVmKPy2lBx0/edit#slide=id.p

A

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/10DmPqVNHIqZOvB5Ms2Spqaix85-9ah36HVB2SrgEpFc/edit#slide=id.p

33
Q

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1A257Frm73CR-T5sX5mLE7bRhoMkTrsIrtmmW82s5nwQ/edit?usp=sharing

A

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1YD5GrpG6kUzTmFx0E0Kr8_0AGv9nI5q5ccGFckQZ7vo/edit?usp=sharing

34
Q

Define chemical formula

A

A chemical formula shows the kinds and proportions of atoms in a compound

35
Q

Define molecule

A

A molecule is made of two or more atoms bonded together

36
Q

Why do atoms bond?

A

to become stable

37
Q

When are atoms stable?

A

when they have eight valence electrons (two for hydrogen and helium)

38
Q

How many atom of each element are in this chemical formula?
C6H12O6

A

6 C atoms, 12 H atoms, and 6 O atoms

39
Q

Simplify this chemical formula and state haw many atoms of each element are present
Ch3ChOHOOH

A

Ch4O3H2
4 Ch atoms, 3 O atoms, 2 H atoms

40
Q

What is an ionic bond?

A

an Ionic bond is when metals give electrons to nonmetals (shifting electrons) to become stable

41
Q

If an atom loses electrons what is its charge now?

A

Its charge now is positive

42
Q

If an atom gains electrons what is its charge now?

A

Its charge now is negative

43
Q

What is a positvie Ion?

A

A positive ion is a metal/atom that loses electrons to become stable

44
Q

What is a negative Ion?

A

A negative ion is a non-metal/atom that gains electrons to become stable

45
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

A covalent bond is when non-metals share electrons with non-metals to become stable

46
Q

Valence Electrons = 5
1) Would this lose or gain electrons?
2) How many would it lose/gain?

A

1) gain
2) 3+

47
Q

Valence Electrons = 2
1) Would this lose or gain electrons?
2) How many would it lose/gain?

A

1) lose
2) 2-

48
Q

(He+) + (K-) =

A

HeK

49
Q

(Cl1+) + (Al3-) =

A

Cl3Al1

50
Q

(C4+) + (Sn4-) =

A

CSn