science - states of matter, brownian motion & density Flashcards
what are the properties of a solid
Tightly packed, vibrate in a fixed position, fixed shape
properties of liquid
randomly arranged, close together, move around each other, flow and take shape of container
properties of gas
randomly arranged, far apart, move quickly in all directions, flow and completely fills container
which state of matter can be compressed
gas
density
how closely packed particles are
what is the equation + units for density
mass/ volume (kg/m³)
Regular object
object that you can calculate the volume of easily
examples of regular objects
spheres, cubes
irregular object
object with unusual shape , harder to calculate volume
what do you use to find the volume of an irregular object
eureka can
what happens when a substance is heated?
- gains energy
- mass doesn’t change
- forces are overcome when the substance gains enough energy
What happens to the temperature of a substance when a change of state happens
it stays the same
melting
sold-> liquid
freezing
liquid-> solid
condensation
gas -> liquid
evapouration
liquid -> gas
brownian motion
particles in liquids + gases move randomly
gas pressure
in sealed containers , particles exert force when colliding with container walls and applies pressure to container
what increases gas pressure
the more often paticles hit the wall, the faster they move, heating container up