Science- atomic structure + the periodic table

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

The smallest unit of matter

Question 2

Elements

Answer 2

Substances made of only one type of atom

Question 3

Compounds

Answer 3

Substances made of 2/+ different elements chemically bonded

Question 4

mixtures

Answer 4

Substances made of 2/+ different elements or compounds not chemically bonded

Question 5

Isotope

Answer 5

atoms of an element with different amounts of neutrons

Question 6

Protons (Charge, mass )

Answer 6

+1, mass of 1

Question 7

Neutrons (Charge, mass )

Answer 7

0, mass of 1

Question 8

electrons (Charge, mass )

Answer 8

-1 , 1/2000

Question 9

Groups

Answer 9

elements with similar properties , arranged in verticle columns

Question 10

How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?

Answer 10

Atomic number

Question 11

Ions

Answer 11

A charged atom

Question 12

Metals (where it is found, group + forms)

Answer 12

G1,2,3 , forms positive ions

Question 13

None metals (where it is found, groups +forms

Answer 13

G 4,5,6,7,8/0 , forms negative ions

Question 14

Halogens

Answer 14

group 7, the reactivity decreases down the group

Question 15

Noble gases

Answer 15

group 0/8 ,unreactive

Question 16

Reactivity

Answer 16

the tendency for a substance to have a chemical reaction

Question 17

Pure subtance

Answer 17

substance made of only 1 type of element or compounds

Question 18

formulation

Answer 18

designed with a specific useful purpose , made by mixing components in specific amounts

Question 19

Examples of formulations

Answer 19

paint, medicine

Question 20

melting point

Answer 20

temperature which a substance turns from solid -> liquid

Question 21

does an impure or pure substance have a specific melting/boiling points?

Answer 21

pure

Question 22

Positive ion

Answer 22

Formed when metal atoms lose electrons

Question 23

negative ions

Answer 23

formed when metal atoms gain electrons

Question 24

ionic bonding

Answer 24

electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions

Question 25

What does ionic bonding happen between?

Answer 25

A metal and non-metal

Question 26

What ions does group 1 form?

Answer 26

1+

Question 27

What ion does group 2 form?

Answer 27

2+

Question 28

what ions does group 6 form?

Answer 28

2-

Question 29

What ions does group 7 form?

Answer 29

1-

Question 30

what do drawings of ions need

Answer 30

square brackets around the ion

Question 31

What are the melting + boiling points of ionic compounds and why ( include how much energy needed to overcome)?

Answer 31

High because they have strong electrostatic forces of attraction - requires lots of energy to overcome

Question 32

covalent bonding

Answer 32

sharing a pair of electrons between atoms to gain a full outer shell

Question 33

what does covalent bonding happen in

Answer 33

non-metals

Question 34

What are the 2 giant covalent structures

Answer 34

Diamond and graphite

Question 35

How many carbon atoms is each carbon atom bonded to in diamonds?

Answer 35

4

Question 36

do diamonds conduct electricty and why

Answer 36

no, no free electrons

Question 37

How many carbon atoms is each carbon atom bonded to in graphite?

Answer 37

3

Question 38

does graphite conduct electrity and why?

Answer 38

yes, delocalised electrons that are able to move between layers

Question 39

Is it easy to break diamond ( in terms of energy) and melting point?

Answer 39

requires a lot of energy and has high melting point

Question 40

What can graphite be used as, forces between layers (sliding)?

Answer 40

lubricant, layers of carbon can slider over each other easily , weak forces between layers